Research On Personnel Evacuation In Two-layer Subway Station Fires During Passenger-flow Super Rush Hours

With the development of urban rail transit, the operating mileage of the subway has been increasing. However, it will bring a serious effect in the fire during passenger-flow super rush hours as the subway station environment particularity, such as narrow and enclosed space, less entrances. Therefore, research on personnel evacuation in subway station fires during passenger-flow super rush hours can prevent or reduce the losses and casualties caused by the fire, and provide appropriate guidance on taking rescue measures.In this paper, we research on the following aspects, according to the idea of "the analysis of current personnel evacuation theory- studies on evacuation time- evacuation simulation environment modeling- evacuation simulation and analysis”. At first, research on evacuation time in subway station fire. The safety evacuation standards in the subway station fires is elaborated. The time calculation method of safety evacuation is listed. The evacuation requirements in the subway station fires is explicit based on the Code for design of metro. Then the three-dimensional geometric model and the movement space of the subway station is implemented based on computer modeling technology. The characteristics of the eight classes of the subway station passenger during passenger-flow super rush hours are set up based on Agent technology. At last, the evacuation in subway station fires during passenger-flow super rush hours is simulated based on the background of an actual subway station by using Pathfinder software. The evacuation simulation results show that the evacuation time of the platform layer in subway station fires during passenger-flow super rush hours is 330.1s which is closer to the real situation, compared with the calculation result 352.2s of Code for design of metro. The evacuation time of the platform layer within 6min meets the requirements of the Code. Combined with the simulation results, the evacuation bottleneck locations of the subway station fires during passenger-flow super rush hours were found. The rate of the evacuation bottleneck and the personnel changes in each functional area were elaborated.The evacuation simulation results in subway station fires during passenger-flow super rush hours show that the fire increases the evacuation route, reduces the number of subway evacuation exit and makes a big difference in the utilization of the emergency path. The simulation results provide a scientific support to improve the structure of the subway station and help to improve the efficiency of the evacuation in subway station fires during passenger-flow super rush hours.