The Analysis Of Water Footprint Changes And Driving Mechanism In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Under the background of the coordinated development among Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, water shortage has become one of the major issues for the sustainable development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Human activity is the main driving factors which lead to water shortage. Study on the water consumption caused by human factors condition and its driving mechanism is of great significance to alleviate the pressure of the regional water resources.This paper studied on water footprint of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. In this paper, a driving force method was build by distinguishing between internal and external driving factors, based on the structural decomposition method. The consumption water footprint CWF) of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the production water footprint (PWF) of Tianjin are both considerd. Some suggestions for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei to alleviate its water shortages was put forward. The results show that:(1) In 2002-2012, the PWF of Tianjin increases 340 million m3, which account to 36% of the PWF in 2002. Direct water consumption intensity effect, population effect and per capita final consumption water effect are the main factor of the PWF increase, accounting for 0.6%,24.6% and 74.8% of the total, respectively. Economic system technical effect and final consumption sector effect reduce the PWF, accounting for 12.6% and 87.4% respectively.(2) In 2002-2010, the CWF of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei increase 11.1 billion m3. The external water footprint together increase 10.8 billion m3, which account for 97% of total increase of CWF. The internal water footprint only increase 330 million m3. Xinjiang supply to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei with the most virtual water (2.8 billion m3/year), according to the results of vitual water source analysis. The CWF of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei increase by 55%,190% and 70% respectively.(3) Final consumption effect is the main driving factor of the CWF increase of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, accounting for 96%,99% and 100% respectively. Internal and external water consumption intensity effect reduce the CWF. Internal water consumption intensity effect reduce the CWF of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, accounting for 24%,4% and 37% respectively. The external direct water consumption intensity effect reduce the CWF of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, accounting for 76%,87% and 50% respectively. The economic system technical effect have inhibitory effects on the CWF of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei at different time. Focus on internal and external effects, the internal effects increase the CWF of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The increases are 4.2 billion m3,6.1 billion m3 and 8.6 billion m3 respectively. The external effects reduce the CWF of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The reductions are 2.1 billion m3,2.6 billion m3 and 3.2 billion m3 respectively.The paper suggests that the government of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei can adjust the import products structure and advocate green consumption structure to reduce CWF and PWF of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Final, the sustainable utilization of water resources in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei can be realized.