The Research On Kunming’s Environmental Hygiene Management Between 1930 And 1949

City is the carrier of human civilization and the city’s environmental health condition directly affects health status of citizens and city’s appearance condition. However, health is one of the most precious treasures in life. No matter the development of humankind itself, realization of self-value, participation in the social development or enjoyment of social development achievements, it shall be on the basis of people’s health. Without healthy mind and body, everything is in vain and everything is impossible to realize. And 20%-25% of people’s health is decided by the surroundings. Based on files in the Republic of China, relevant document compilation and articles of contemporary people, this paper investigates and analyzes the environmental health administration in Kunming City from 1930 to 1949 and familiarizes the urban development status and hard course of early urban modernization of Kunming City at that time.The article is divided into three parts:chapter one mainly introduces the measures taken by Kunming municipal government after its establishment to manage the environmental sanitation including the historic evolution of Kunming environmental health institution, formulation of rules and system regarding environmental sanitation as well as health publicity efforts made by governments to change citizens’inherent health habits so as to understand government’s administrative measures aiming at environmental health under municipal system. Chapter two makes detailed investigation on the specific treatment of Kunming municipal government to urban environmental sanitation such as street and roadway cleaning, garbage disposal, toilet management, faeces management, drinking water hygiene and construction of tap water factory, trench and sewer dredging as well as sanitary administration of public entertainment places and sanitized store so as to familiarize the government’s treatment results regarding environmental sanitation. Chapter three is mainly about evaluation of environmental sanitation management work in Kunming City from 1930 to 1949.A series of environmental and sanitation construction work launched in the nearly twenty years has strong government-leading color. Kunming Government has performed governmental function, which embodies the attitude of being responsible for citizens’health. However, under the circumstance of limited government power,for instance:insufficient expenditure and limited service ability,etc,we also see the participation and support of folk societal forces towards management work of environment and sanitation.Kunming is located in the southwest frontier. Though its management work of environment and sanitation still has some shortcomings, we are glad to see it has stridden out one step towards establishing modern hygienic city in the twenty years.