Analysis The P&R Demand Based On Publictraffic Services

Park and Ride is regarded as an effective measure to control road congestion and parking difficulties of city. In the 1970 s it has been widely used in the countries all over the world. With the further development of China’s urbanization and the rapid growth of vehicle ownership, many cities are facing severe challenges of traffic congestion. Beijing, Shanghai and other big city have began planning to construct the park and ride facilities.Park-and-ride is the combination of the two kinds of way to travel.Factors affecting park-and-ride are very complicated, which are affected by way of intrinsic features, objective and types of traffic environment and individual decisions and preference.The utilization of each P&R facilitie that has been put into use is differernt.P&R Demand Study is the basis of parking facilities planning and layout. In this paper, considering public trasport,the city park and ride car demand is regarded as the research object.The article mainly contains the following aspects: P&R demand distribution with relevant influencing factors; the attract range of P&R facilities,the study on park-and-ride Behavior based on prospect theory and the method to forecast park-and-ride demand.Firstly this paper introduces the definition of park and ride, then introduces the development, the construction and implementation of park and ride home and abroad. Finally, it mainly introduce the current research from the park and ride facililty location, P&R behavior, the forecast of P&R Demand and the distribution of P&R Demand.Secondly,the paper summarize the traveller P&R decision-making process and decision-making type, and travelers properties,characteristic aspects of travel, public transport services level and P&R characteristics were analyzed systematically. Traffic surveys was designed to investigate the users of Tiantongyuanbei P&R user through a combination of Revealed Preference Survey and Stated Preference Survey. From the data, we can understand individual characteristics of the P&R users, travel characteristics and public transport services as well as the reasons for the use of park and ride facilities of car and the will to use P&R. In the end,range of impacts of park and ride facilities measure was analyzed, based on the price sensitivity assay(Price Sensitivity Meter, PSM).Travel cost factors, such as speed, cost and travel time by traffic environmental impact are uncertain.Therefore,in this paper the prospect theory connotation and features were explainded.the survey was conducted to conduct empirical research on the park and ride behavior.Choice probability model was established based on prospect theory and a numerical examples was used to study the correlation factors affecting the park and ride demand. Chapter in the paper, combined with domestic and foreign research a method of P&R demand forecasting was given, as a case study of TIANTONGYUAN, the share rate of P&R was calculated and disaggregate method is given. The research conclusions will provide the basis for demand research of park and ride facilities, planning, design and layout,meanwhile it has some practical significance for easing urban traffic congestion.