| In the world most countries have been into aging societies today and the phenomenon of aging population is still growing, which seriously affect people’s production and living activities and restrict the national economic development in different levels, which has brought many troubles for humanity, so it makes growing concern of the community. The sixth national census data shows that China’s total population is about1.371billion, accounting for20%of the world’s total population, and only the continents’population is1.34billion, approximately60years of age and over178million people, accounting for13.28%;65years of age and over about119million people, accounting for8.88percent. Compared to the fifth national census, the population of60years and above increased by about3percent, the population65years and over increased by nearly two percentage points, in the face of a growing number of the elderly population, the State Council has promulgated some pension policies, so that our pension system constantly enrich and improve. There are old-age insurance for urban workers and rural residents of these two old-age insurance system, the latter of which is determined by the new rural social pension insurance and social pension insurance for urban residents merger into. Our rural population base is very large and has reached674million, accounting for50.3%of the country, so the pension situation in rural areas is very difficult. In addition, according to the National Rural Summit on Ageing, held in September2011in the experts said, the phenomenon of aging rural population unusually severe, up to15.4%, significantly higher than the city. Thus, the pension problems in rural areas should get more attention of the party and the government and the community, to increase the strength and intensity of the construction of social endowment insurance system in rural areas Since the new rural social pension insurance launched a pilot in2009, rural pension insurance work has made much progress.Farmers are more and more familiar with the rural social insurance policies, and the number of insured increases every year, as to the insurance rate. With the pilot gradually throughout the country, rural social endowment insurance system has become increasingly obvious the problems exposed, so as to ensure old-age insurance in rural areas to work smoothly, more effectively protect the basic living standards of the elderly, rural pension system needs to be further updated and improved, countries also need to make great efforts to be promoted.In this paper, as a case study in X city of HeBei province, by way of issuing questionnaires and talking with farmers, the author understands their feelings on rural social endowment insurance policy. After a survey found that the main problems of rural social endowment insurance are:low grade personal contribution, the low pension benefit level, the lack of incentive subsidies, voluntary insurance affects the continuity of policies, policy advocacy is not in place, organisers’management skills is poor, difficulties in increasing the value of the pension and regulatory issues and so on As the rural social endowment insurance is a quasi-public goods, and the Government has a significant primary responsibility in the supply of public goods or public services,who plays an irreplaceable role, therefore, the author based on the theory of public goods to the government as the main body, in accordance with the principle of one-third of the administrative system, generally attributed to the above questions on the problems of policy design, position and policy implementation in the operational oversight of the problems. In contrast, the rural pension insurance of many foreign countries and regions has achieved great success, forming their own characteristics,which to be used as a model for other countries to emulate, and played a very good reference. Summed up includes:first clear the government’s responsibility, followed make the rural old-age insurance be legal, institutional and special, and diversify financing channels again, government subsidies are incentive and prompt. According to various problems through our rural endowment insurance appear in the actual operation process, and learn from the successful experience of other countries and regions, the author summarizes the improvement of rural endowment insurance measures are the following:First, the design of pension policy should be reasonable, flexible and have the incentive to set a reasonable fee grade, flexible payment methods and payment time, increase the level of pensions and other benefits. Secondly the rural old-age insurance system must be made legal, professional and then diversify financing channels and the subsidy policy should be incentive. Learning from experience at home and abroad and analysing the problems, the author summarizes the measures to improve the rural social endowment insurance: first, endowment insurance system design must be reasonable, set a reasonable payment standard and flexible payment method, make incentive policies, increase government financial support, improve the level of treatment of pensions, etc.; second, establish a stable long-term funding mechanisms, in particularly develop the collective economy, improve collective subsidy part; Third, establish a sound mechanism for pension management operations to improve the overall level of pensions, the introduction of direct, centralized management by the provincial investment diversification and investment strategies, diversity, preservation of pension on the basis of the added value achieved. Fourth, management capacity building of rural endowment insurance agency for all levels with adequate manpower to provide adequate financial resources to strengthen staff training and IT training business specialized systems to improve their professional skills and efficiency, in addition to often carry on the spirit of service and service awareness training to improve public satisfaction rate. Fifth, establish an effective monitoring mechanism to implement internal supervision and external supervision, strengthen supervision, make its information known to public, and all links are placed under the sun; sixth, strengthen the legal system in rural old-age insurance, the pension insurance rose to a high degree of institutional law. Seventh, improve the overall quality of the farmers, so that change the traditional concept of retirement, and constantly improve the awareness of farmers insured; Also need to increase financial investment in rural areas, support the development of township enterprises to develop, increase in rural areas development efforts, enhance agricultural science and technology, continue to make farmers’ income, better material for the insured to lay the foundation.During the process, rural social pension insurance system has made continuous development and improvement, and with various other pension insurance systems consisting of a common social pension insurance system, then ultimately people who are old will achieve their desire to be taken good care of, and have no worries about their life, material life would be guaranteed, and thus go to the pursuit of spiritual life satisfaction. |
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