The Research On The Relationship Between Population Migration And Urban-Rural Spatial Pattern

Since in the 1980 of the 20 th century, entered a period of rapid development of China’s economic and social development, which is an important characteristic along with industrialization and urbanization process of massive population movements. With the accelerating process of urbanization, China is gradually entering the migration the age of big data, one of the most obvious patterns of rural-urban migration of the rural population, and that this activity will be for a long time in the future the population distribution pattern of main trends. With the number gradually increasing migration, migration constitutes the most important of China’s urbanization level increased strength. Rural-urban migration profoundly changed the spatial pattern of urban and rural areas, in the "polarization", population migration from the countryside to urban areas, causing rapid expansion of the town, while the rural depression rapidly, accelerated transition of rural city, urban and rural spatial patterns of significant changes and adjustments. However, a large number of rural populations migrated to urban agglomeration, resulting in unbalanced development of urban and rural space. China approved the establishment of the urban and rural pilot experimental zone of comprehensive coordinated reforms in Chongqing, one of the collections of big cities, rural and mountainous with large areas in one, prominent urban-rural structure, regional differences are apparent, the district development is unbalanced. Meanwhile, Chongqing is also precipitated one of the most important provinces of rural labor force in our country, migration is very active. With the growing economic level, urban-rural income gap is widening, remote mountainous areas of the rural population to gradually very close to the center of town or county gather to the main city of Chongqing. Paper to "population migration and urban and rural space pattern research" for problem, to Chongqing Youyang County for research object, analysis Chongqing rural urban and rural migration related problem, quantitative analysis rural migration population of effect factors and on urban and rural space changes of effect, discussion this a social phenomenon contains of major policy and strategy meaning, analysis town layout and rural population migration Zhijian of relationship, for population migration and urban and rural construction to for local government decision provides related policy recommends, on Chongqing global and long-term development has major meaning. Results were as follows:(1) farmers moving spatial characteristics, the farmers of rural-urban move short distances, moving from high to low altitude in mountainous area of town, and moved much closer to the trunk road. Effects of migration distance is clear, in migration, in the process of migrating farmers tend to short-distance migration, such as migration within the town or towns within the county-town migration. In addition, the elevation has an important impact on farmers ’ relocation site when farmers moved another major direction from higher altitudes to lower altitudes. Farmers ’ basic choices around the road site, or rural road far from the road, traffic is less convenient, normal production and lives cannot go smoothly, smaller farmers the possibility of siting.(2) In terms of external mechanisms for farmers moving rural thrust and pull of town between the mechanism of interaction is the main force promoting the relocation of farmers. From the thrust mechanism, "schooling is not convenient" and "blocking traffic, travel inconvenience" is the relocation of the two main thrust. From the tension mechanism, "urban employment opportunities and high wages" and "road traffic conditions, and convenient" is attracting more farmers move to cities and towns, most important pull factors. In addition, the "move to environmental living conditions well," "convenient marriage" is an important pull factor of farmers voluntary relocation.(3) In the relocation of farmers ’ personal characteristics, household education, household proportion of non-agricultural labour force, household income and average wages, distance from the town of household relocation has significant positive impact; heads of household, age, family practice management area was negatively correlated with household removal.(4) Migration to cities and towns, mainly in areas of urban and rural land-pattern: 1) new rural settlements are concentrated in or near the trunk road along the railway, 2) rural-urban migration led to the abandonment of the rural population, abandoned land into forest and grassland, and speed up the recovery of forest vegetation, bringing forests in transition. In order to better reflect the impact of demographic factors on urban and rural land-use patterns, 1997-2014 urban land use in Youyang area and town population corresponds to the production charts, and use linear regression to analyze, get the population in urban areas and towns of linear regression model, that shows a strong correlation between the two. Meanwhile, population movements have a certain impact on urban and rural land-use patterns, leading to uneven spatial distribution of cities, regional differences, as well as cause hollow phenomenon in rural areas.