Design And Development Of Precise Control System On Water And Fertilizer Integration

In order to maintain agriculture sustainable development, precise fertigation is hot today and it’s also the core and main orientation of precise agriculture. The technology about precise fertigation should be adopted to realize it. Many research and experiment about precisely automatic technology on fertigation were made at home and abroad. Since 1930s, related researches have been reported in foreign countries. Just in 1970s, china began to import the first equipment and do the same research in 1990s. Compared to foreign countries, the technology in china is less developed and many related researches and developments only limit in the laboratory. Although, foreign countries have more mature equipments, the soil type、climate environment、influence factors on the growth of plants and so on are different from china, therefore, these foreign equipments can not suitable for china. Moreover, so many researches in china emphasize introduction on academics and technology, deficiently consider plants’ character of water and fertilizer needs, as well as the high cost about the system construction and the low practicality of the system. Thus, it’s necessary to integrate existing mature technology in multi-subjects and develop low-cost and reliable fertigation system so as to meet the society needs.Basing on the feature of plants’ water and fertilizer, this research designs and develops two cases about precisely automatic control technology on fertigation by different methods from the perspective of economy and practicality, as well as synthetically considering the cost and effect along with the production increasing and energy saving.The 1st one is about the full-automatic fertigation mode of technical demonstration on precise seeding and fertigation in agricultural ecological garden of WuHu, WuHan city(NO.200720422147). Basing on the existing equipment of self-propelled water machine, it uses the wireless mode via PT2262/PT2272, and thus, resolves the trouble of moving routing. The self-made pinhead sensor not only can cut down the cost but also can reflect the humidity status of planting substrate and get expected results when applied in Cabbage; and the last, it realizes the monitor and decision software simply and quickly by utilizing PAC technology. The technology check and search indicates that there is no report like this at home. Compared to the existing system of china, It’s made quickly and simply but cost more lowly。The project passed examination of WuHan Technology bureau on May,2010 and got certificate of WuHan Science and Technology bureau on Aug.2010(NO. wk201005106), and at the same year, as an assistant organization, the HZAU won the third class for science and technology progressing(NO.2010J-118-3-65-059-02),The other precise fertigation control system is about the system. of pear orchard locating on the fruit teaching base of HZAU。Considering on economy and efficiency, it takes RS-485 for serial communication to monitor the field remotely, and applies mix allocation system for nutrition measurement to combine nutrition online automatically, which was driving by one-pump and making by several nutrition contains and one mixed device. It can implement different fertigation management according to different plants or different growing stages. The feature of the system is combining nutrition automatically online and tracking for water and fertilizer management in one system according to the plants’ water and fertilizer needs with simply device and control technology, there is no related report at home so far. It has been applied a patented invention (NO.201010562399.4), an useful new patern (NO.201020628746.4), and a software authority (accept NO.2011R11S034204). More over, one system like this has been applied in WuHan agriculture bureau on Apr.2011 for watermelon and eggplant planting and the total experimenting area is 2668 square meter, and it is going to make one or two suite for vegetable planting on bigger area in the last half year.Both of them take the fertilizer strategy of "fertilize flow with water" and the fertigation management of "weekly plan unit and daily implement unit of fertilization", hence, save both water and fertilizer; meanwhile, they monitor soil humidity on real time so that to supply water timely and efficiently; furthermore, it stores records of operates and control parameters of the system for the needs of extensibility and analyzing and researching optimization fertigation mode.