Preliminary Study On Elevated Cultivation Of Tomato In Solar Greenhouse

Facility vegetable cultivation area in our country is the first in the world, but protected cultivation technological content is low, serious soil-sickness, such as rising cost of labor and production has become the important restriction factors of vegetable protected production industry development. Therefore, to speed up the production equipment research and development facilities, improve the level of mechanization automation; Innovation cultivation management pattern, improve the level of light simplified labor saving is the inevitable developing trend of horticultural facilities in China. Therefore, in recent years, we carried out the study of efficient production mode of elevated cultivation tomato in solar greenhouse. Compared the effect of different planting density, cultured pot volume and cultured trough size on plant growth and development, water and fertilizer uptake, yield and fruit quality in order to provide the theoretical basis for the establishment of efficient cultivation technique system. The results are as follows:1. Using the elevated closed-cycle pot cultivation system, the effects of different plant distance (11cm,16cm,21cm,26cm) on plant growth, water and fertilizer uptake, yields and quality of elevated cultivation of tomato(3-cluster topping) were studied under row spacing110cm and pot volume0.5L. The results showed that, the plant height and LAI were increased, but the stem diameter and dry matter accumulation were decreased with the increase of plant distance. The uptake amount of N, P, K and water were reduced, but water and nutrients use efficiencies were significantly increased with the increase of plant distance. The yield per plant and fruit mass of tomato were decreased, but the plot yield were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of plant distance and the spacing of16cm treatment was the highest. The soluble sugars, sugar acid ratio and Vc content increased with the increment of plant distance. The lycopene had increasing tendency firstly and then decreased. Insignificant differences in organic acid were found among different plant distances. Comprehensively considering yield, quality and water and nutrients use efficiencies,110cm×16cm was the elevated cultivation of tomato desired density2. Using the elevated closed-cycle pot cultivation system, the effects of different cultured pot volume (0.5L,1.0L,1.5L) on plant growth, physiological metabolism, water and fertilizer uptake, yields and quality of elevated cultivation of tomato were studied under row spacing110cm and plant spacing16cm. The results showed that chlorophyll contents, water potential, antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of tomato leaves were decreased, MDA contents were increased with decreasing of cultured pot volume. The root total absorbing area and the uptake amount of H2O and N, P, K were decreased, but the root ratio of absorbing, ratio of reductive amount of TTC and water and nutrients use efficiency were increased. Yield per plant and fruit mass had no evident difference among1.5L and1.0L treatments and significantly higher than0.5L treatment. The soluble sugars, sugar acid ratio, Vc and lycopene content obviously increased with decreasing of cultured pot volume. Comprehensively considering yield, quality and water and nutrients use efficiencies,1.0L was the elevated cultivation of tomato desired cultured pot volume.3. Using the elevated closed-cycle cultivation system, the effects on different cultured trough size on the plant growth and development, water and fertilizer uptake and use, yields and quality of elevated cultivation of tomato were studied under row spacing110cm and plant spacing16cm. The results showed that compared with pot culture, trough culture promoted plant growth, increased production, but the flowering time delayed, harvest time extended, the fruit quality and water and nutrients use efficiency decreased. There were no obvious difference between different cultured trough size (20cm×10cm,20cm×15cm,20cm×20cm) of tomato yield, but the plant growth dry matter accumulation increased, but water and nutrients use efficiency and fruit quality were obviously increased. Comprehensively considering yield, quality and water and nutrients use efficiencies,20cm×10cm was elevated cultivation of tomato desired cultured trough size.