Study On Optimum Density And Growing Media For Elevated Cultivated Tomato In Solar Greenhouse

China's facility vegetable production has long adopted the traditional soil cultivation mode.The operating environment is poor.The management is based on experience,mainly manual operation,labor intensity,and low efficiency.It is of great significance to innovate the cultivation and management mode of vegetable facilities,develop precise,labor-saving,and labor-saving cultivation techniques.In this experiment,under the condition of solar greenhouse,using the closed-cycle circulation tank system developed in the previous period,the growth and development,physiological metabolism,yield and quality of tomato and utilization of water and fertilizers under different plant spacings and growing media were studied under the mode of promoting cultivation with three spikes.These will provide a basis for the establishment of a simple and efficient cultivation technology system.The main results are as follows:1.The effects of different plant spacings(10 cm,15 cm,20 cm,and 25 cm)on the growth,yield and quality of tomato cultivation were studied under a row spacing of 110 cm using the tomato variety‘Oudis'as a test material.The results showed that the plant height and leaf area index increased gradually with the increase of plant spacing,and the biomass,leaf pigment content and photosynthetic rate increased first and then decreased.The single fruit weight,the yield per plant and the plant spacing showed a parabolic relationship with opening downwards.Soluble sugar and soluble protein content increase first and then decrease.The yield of 667 m~2 was the highest in the 15cm group spacing,which was 7.2%,17.5%and 34.7%higher than 10cm,20cm and 25cm respectively.2.The effect of different row spacing(70 cm,90 cm,110 cm,130 cm)on the growth and development,yield and quality of tomato were studied under the condition of 15 cm plant spacing with tomato variety'Yo Luo Lian'.The results showed that the plant height and leaf area index of tomato decreased gradually with increasing row spacing.The stem diameter,biomass,and photosynthetic rate increased first and then decreased.The single fruit weight and the yield per plant increased gradually.The contents of Vc,soluble sugar and soluble protein content increase first and then decrease The yield of 667 m~2 was the highest when the row spacing was 90 cm.3.With peat:vermiculite=2:1(V/V)as the control(CK),the cultivation effect of using mushroom dregs instead of peat and using commercially available cocoon matrix was studied.The results showed that compared with CK,the composite substrate bulk density,total porosity and microbial population of 50%and 100%substituted turf,as well as the growth,yield,and part quality of the tomato planting were all increased first and then decreased,Among them,the yield of 667 m~2 of 50%substitute turf substrate was 12.27%higher than that of CK.The enzyme activity,growth and physiological indexes,and the yield and some quality of the molded coconut cocoon boards were all better than those of CK,The bulk density of coconut cocoons,available N,P content,and microorganisms were lower than those of CK.Tomato growth and yield were lower than CK.The input-output ratio of mushroom slag instead of turf-composite matrix was significantly lower than that of CK,and the input-output ratio of cocoon matrix was higher than that of CK,and the largest was the molded coconut cocoon boards.