| Roughage was an irreplaceable part in the ruminant diet, it was an important nutrition source of ruminants. The quality of roughage has a great impact on the ruminant production performance and health, for the concentrated feed and supplementary feed, it was also immediate impact on the supplying and costing. Finally it would affect the benefit of the producers. So the quality of roughage for ruminants was reasonable assessment has important practical significance and theoretical guidance. In this study, the graded index (GI) proposed by Chinese scholar Lu Dexun was applied to assess the quality of the roughage. Determination of the38samples by the method of GI (2009), to compare the results with GI (2001), The result follows:Experiment1The conventional nutritive evaluation of the samplesThis test used the method of Yang Sheng and VanSoest to determine the conventional nutrient values of each roughage. The results showed that in the leguminous forage, higher levels of the crude protein (%DM) was the alfalfa from Shenyang (15.75%), higher levels of neutral detergent fiber (%DM) was the peanut vine from hubei (62.04%), higher levels of acid detergent fiber (%DM) was the pea seedling from gansu (47.39%). In the forage grasses and straw. Higher level of the crude protein (%DM) was the Leymus chinenswas from shenyang (9.11%), Higher level of neutral detergen fiber (%DM) was the Pennwasetum hydridum from Chongqing (75%), higher level of acid detergent fiber (%DM) was the wheat straw from neimeng (45.56%). In the whole corn silage, higher levels of the crude protein (%DM) was the whole corn silage from Tianjin (8.67%), higher level of neutral detergent fiber (%DM) was the whole corn silage from qutou (58.25%), higher level of acid detergent fiber (%DM) was the whole corn silage from qutou (36.85%). In the silage, higher level of the crude protein (%DM) was the Barley silage from shanghai (9.74%), higher level of neutral detergent fiber (%DM) was the wheat straw silage from shanxi (66.19%), higher level of acid detergent fiber (%DM) was the wheat straw silage from shanxi (41.39%). In the yellow storage, higher level of the crude protein (%DM) was the yellow storage from Tianjin (8.42%), higher level of neutral detergent fiber (%DM) was the yellow storage from Sichuan (63.31%), higher level of acid detergent fiber (%DM) was the yellow storage from Sichuan (38.23%).Experiment2Each index evaluation of GI (2009)The value of DCP was measured according to Tilley’s method. The value of DMI and NEL was assumed based on the formula of GI (2009), and the value of pef was measured according to the PSPS. The results showed that in the leguminous forage, the value of NEL was between4.46(MJ/kg) and6.46(MJ/kg), the evaluation of DMI was between10.96(Kg/d) and23.17(Kg/d), the value of digestible crude protein was between3.91(%DM) and14.30(%DM), the value of physically effective was between0.76and0.95. In the forage grasses, the value of NEL was between4.20(MJ/kg) and5.47(MJ/kg), the evaluation of DM I was between16.42(Kg/d) and28.70(Kg/d), the value of digestible crude protein was between1.98(%DM) and4.49(%DM), the value of physically effective was between0.85and0.90. In the whole corn silage, the value of NEL was between3.26(MJ/kg) and5.47(MJ/kg), the evaluation of DMI was between20.44(Kg/d) and25.28(Kg/d), the value of digestible crude protein was between2.96(%DM) and8.56(%DM), the value of physically effective was between0.86and0.93. In the silage, the value of NEL was between2.59(MJ/kg) and4.84(MJ/kg), the evaluation of DMI was between21.58(Kg/d) and25.78(Kg/d), the value of digestible crude protein was between3.43(%DM) and8.75(%DM), the value of physically effective was between0.87and0.92. In the yellow storage, the value of NEL was between3.06(MJ/kg)and4.22(MJ/kg), the evaluation of DMI was between21.00(Kg/d) and25.39(Kg/d), the value of digestible crude protein was between5.56(%DM) and6.37(%DM), the value of physically effective was between0.85and0.91. In the straw, the value of NEL was between3.27(MJ/kg) and6.02(MJ/kg), the evaluation of DMI was between10.02(Kg/d) and28.08(Kg/d), the value of digestible crude protein was between1.94(%DM) and6.81(%DM), the value of physically effective was between0.86and0.92.Experiment3the quality evaluation with GI (2009)The value of GI (2009) of38experimental samples had been measured by the method of GI, which was proposed by Dexun Lu. The value of roughage GI (2001) had also been calculated, the results showed that. In the leguminous forage, the highest level of GI (2009) was the peanut vine from Hubei (286.71MJ/d), the lowest level of GI (2009) was the pea seedling from Gansu (40.54MJ/d). In the whole corn silage, higher levels of GI (2009) were the whole corn silage from Qutou (184.09MJ/d) and the whole corn silage from Shandong (153.84MJ/d), lower levels of GI (2009) were the whole corn silage from Hhanxi (73.76MJ/d) and the the whole corn silage from Sichuan (65.54MJ/d). In the silage, higher levels of GI (2009) were the Barley silage from Shanghai (126.05MJ/d) and the corn silage from Henan (103.96MJ/d), the lowest level of GI (2009) was the wheat straw silage from Shanxi (41.26MJ/d). In the yellow silage, the highest level of GI (2009) was the yellow silage from Tianjin (130.76MJ/d), the lowest level of GI (2009) was the yellow silage from Sichuan (50.68MJ/d). In the forage grasses, the highest level of GI (2009) was the Leymus chinenswas from Shenyang (101.38MJ/d), lower levels of GI (2009) were the straw from Chongqing (39.09MJ/d) and the oat fromshanghai (24.28MJ/d). In the straw, higher levels of GI (2009) were the maize leaf (YG1112205)(97.38MJ/d) and the whole corn straw from Xinjiang (92.09MJ/d) the lowest level of GI (2009) was the maize straw from Dongling (35.67MJ/d).Therefore, it is concluded that:(1) It is not exact to evaluate nutritive value of pasturage by single nutritive indicators.(2) The NELof the silage and the yellow silage are lower than the NEL of the leguminous forage, the DMI of the silage and the yellow silage are relatively stable, the DMI of the others are differernt, because of the variety and origin, the DCP of the forage grasses is lower than others, the pef of the leguminous forage is ranged large.(3) The small differences in quality of roughage could divide by GI (2009), and it is significant difference than the GI (2001). |
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