Study On The Flavor Quality And The Effect Of Topdressing Nutrient Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Luohe

The research of the characeristic flavor components of Luohe tobacco wasbased on the Zhongyan100tobacco of Wuyang(WY) county,Linying(LY) county andYancheng(YC) district in Luohe city.Compared the full aroma tobacco in Xuchangand Luohe of Henan province, Chenzhou of Hunan province, the moderate typetobacco in Zunyi and Bijie of Guizhou province,Wulong of Chongqing province, theclean aroma tobacco in Yuxi and Qujing of Yunnan province by the system analysisof main chemical components, flavor components and somking quality.And with theroot topdressing,the effects of molybdenum and selenium nutrients were studied. Themain results have been list as follow.1.Test the inner components of Luohe flue-cured tobacco showed that the totalsugar (24.27%) was a little higher than the standard, reducing sugar(20.49%),nicotine(2.31%), total nitrogen (1.97%), protein (9.68%), potassium content (2.03%)and chloride (0.42%) were in the range of high quality flue-cured tobacco. Reducingsugar/nicotine (9.02), total nitrogen/nicotine (0.86) and potassium chloride (4.92)could satisfy the requirements of high quality of flue-cured tobacco. Carotenoidscontent was395.09u g/g which satisfied the standard of high quality flue-curedtobacco. The total polyphenol was23.99mg/g. The total organic acid was102.16mg/g and the neutral flavor substances was1280.91u g/g.Among the main counties in Luohe, the routine constituents of LY and YC weremore suitable, the carotenoid content of LY（443.06μg/g）and YC(414.40μg/g) werehigher than WY（303.82μg/g）obviously. The polyphenol content of LY(30.37mg/g)was higher than WY（19.31mg/g）and YC（19.12mg/g）. Analysed the acid and neturalaroma substances by factor analysis and the results showed the LY（Score0.26and0.46）was ranked the first. According to the results, the flue-cured tobacco of LY wasobviously better than others.2.Making the correlation analysis between chemical components and aromasubstances showed that reducing sugar and organic acid content had the significant negative correlation (Correlation coefficient-0.436). Based on the content offlavoring substances, the reducing sugar’s content was not the higher the better.Therewere very significant correlation between protein and acid aroma (Correlationcoefficient0.530), netrual aroma (Correlation coefficient0.713). So the contert ofprotein was not the lower the better. The potassium had significant correlation withacid aroma(Correlation coefficient0.467) and netrual aroma (Correlation coefficient0.730). There were much correlation between carotenoid and acid (Correlationcoefficient0.472)and netural(Correlation coefficient0.477) flavor material. So thecontent of carotenoid was not the lower the better. Polyphenol had a positive impacton acid(Correlation coefficient0.480) and netural(Correlation coefficient0.727)aroma components. Above all, the content of potassium and polyphenol were thehigher the better.3. There were similarity between Luohe’s tobacco and full flavor areas’tobacco by the cluster analysis on the routine concent. Luohe’s tobacco hadsignificant differences with the middle aroma’s and clean aroma’s tobacco.So Luohe’stobacco had the typical characteristics of full aroma tobacco leaves.The content ofcarotenoids(395.09ug/g) in Luohe tobacco leaves was no significant difference withfull aroma’s tobacco, clean aroma’s tobacco or middle aroma’s tobacco which showedthat carotenoids was not the scent marking material. The polyphenol content ofLuoh’s tobacco was a little different with the full aroma’s tobacco, similar with theclean aroma’s tobacco, but much different with the middle aroma’s tobacco. It foundthe flavoring substances’ content of Luohe tobacco leaves was lower than Xuchang bythe cluster analysis on the aroma component. So increasing the aroma’s contentshould be one of the research directions on highlighting characteristics of tobaccoleaves in Luohe.4. Luohe’s tobacco had middle flavor, high aroma content, lower aromaquality, medium thrill and concentration, higher strength, heavier mixed gas, poorerpalate and the medium score. Luohe’s tobacco sensory quality comprehensive score(75.3) was lower than the leaves of clean aroma producing area Qujing (77.8)andYuxi (78.9) of Yunnan province, higher than the leaves of middle aroma region ofZunyi (74.3) and Bijie (73.9) of Guizhou province and Wulong (74.5) of Chongqingprovince, and was similar with the average composite score (75.36) of the full aromaarea. Make the correlation analysis between the chemical component and smokingindex showed that total sugar, nitrogen compounds, carotenoids, rutin, scopoletin, polyunsaturated fatty acids and cembrane aroma had significant relationship withsensory quality. Based on the effect of carotenoid’s content on the flavoringsubstances and somking quality, the content of carotenoid should be kept in a certainrange, while increasing the carotenoid degradation products. Increasing the content ofrutin was good to the aroma’s content and the sensory quality of tobacco leaves.6. The experiment of molybdenum and selenium nutrition showed thatspraying molybdenum (5g/L) and selenium (25mg/L) at the spherical plant stageand topping stage made the potassium and sugar content increase(5.67%,3.50%), thenitrogen compounds and chlorine decrease(16.12%,37.93%), and the aroma contentsraise (8.9%) obviously. The test proved that molybdenum (5g/L) and selenium(25mg/L) were useful to raise the aroma content, and made a positive role onproducing high quality flue-cured tobacco.