The Effects Of Space Mutation Treatment On The Biological Characteristics And The Content Of Rosmarinic Acid Of SP₁Prunella Vulgaris L.

Prunella vulgaris L. is one of most important traditional Chinese medicinal materialsand have important pharmacological effects of ursolic acid, rosmarinic acid, coffee acid andother active ingredients contained in the dry ears. Prunella vulgaris L. is widely used inmedicines and health care products, but also continue to be used for food, cosmetics and otherindustries. So far, at home and abroad have studied its herbalism, pharmacognosy, germplasmresources, cultivation techniques, active ingredients, pharmacological action and so on.However, Prunella vulgaris L. have many problems such as lack of varieties and germplasmdegradation. Besides, there is no innovation on the methods of planting, harvesting andprocessing. All the factors have restricted the development of Prunella vulgaris L. Therefore,this study hopes to use the advanced breeding techniques to cultivate a new variety ofPrunella vulgaris L. with high yield and good quality, this may change the status quo.Space breeding technology have influences on the growth, the development, thephysiological, the biochemical, the gene of plants by the comprehensive factors of spaceenvironment, and offer uncertainty variations in future generations which are very preciousfor breeding research and not easy to achieve on earth.In this research, chose some seeds carried by Shenzhou VIII spacecraft and stayed some seedon earth as the materials to investigate the effects of space mutation treatment on Prunellavulgaris L. biological traits and rosmarinic acid content. From the SP1generation, we wish tofind some plants which screen out good morphological features or higher levels of activeingredients, as the key object of observation during the breeding work, provides the referencefor the SP2, SP3and SP4generation of Prunella vulgaris L. in the future. The specific testmethods and results are as follows:1.Compare the plant height, branch width, cluster length, cluster width, cluster number,fresh weight of the aerial parts, dry weight of the aerial parts and clusters, and other indexesof phenotype between SP group and the control in order to study the effects of space flight onbiological characteristics of Prunella vulgaris L. and select excellent individuals. The results show that plant height, branch width, cluster length, cluster width, cluster number, freshweight of the aerial parts, dry weight of the aerial parts and clusters have different degrees ofreduction. Difference were significant in branch width, cluster number, fresh weight of theaerial parts, dry weight of the aerial parts and clusters.2.Observe and compare the phenotypic variations in SP1generation with the control. Theresults show that a variety of phenotypic variations were observed on stem color, leafcolor, flower color and stem glabrous.3.Observe and record the bolting stage, initial blooming stage, full blooming stage,maturing stage of mutagenic treatment group (SP). The results show that mutagenictreatment group (SP) grow a little later than the control.4.Measure the rosmarinic acid content of mutagenic treatment group (SP) in order tochose the individuals as excellent breeding materials which have high level of rosmarinic acid.The rosmarinic acid content of mutagenic treatment group (SP) is a little larger than thecontrol but not significant. Plants which have high level of rosmarinic acid content weredetected in SP1generation: the numbers are SP11, SP30, SP46, SP62, SP67and SP68, withthe contents are1.97%,2.44%,2.50%,2.54%,2.69%and2.20%. It is almost2times the averagecontent of the earth control and far from the standard of0.2%in pharmacopoeia.