Effects Of Different Concentration CO₂to Phellodendron Amurense Seedlings From Three Different Provenances

Phellodendron amurense Rupr.(Rutaceae), a board leave deciduous tree, is well known in both timber and medicinal purpose. Three kinds of alkaloids, jatrorrhizine, palmatine and berberine, are the main bioactivities in P. amurense. We have3different CO2concentration and3provenances to analyses the reaction in biomass, phototroph, and alkaloid content of seedlings by using LC-MS and Li-6400. These results provide a scientific basis for the bioactivities changing with global increasing of CO2content of P. amurense seedlings.(1) We made single factor analysis of variance to examine the factors related to biomass (ex. Fresh weight, dry weight and some ratios) in provenance and CO2content level. There are no significant differences in provenance level; and sampling time increases the influence differentiation. In July and August, sequence of biomass related factors at3CO2concentration listed in descending order is570ppm(50%up),760ppm(100%up), ambient. But in September, the divergence became convergence. The fresh and dry weight of all organs and the root-shoot ratio increase with time, as ratio of height to diameter keeps constant and water content decreased.(2) Light response curve and photosynthetic diurnal variations of P. amurense seedlings were measured. Sequence of photosynthetic rate listed in descending order is570ppm,760ppm, ambient. Elevated CO2reduces the light saturation and compensation point, the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. The curve of diurnal variation of leaf photosynthesis showed bimodal. The photosynthetic rate of ambient CO2is higher than elevated; the biennial group is higher than annual group. The differ between treatments is in small scale.(3)A11the content influential factors in provenance and treatment scale were analyzed. In the same treatment, alkaloid content between provenances have no significant difference. The differ only magnified when CO2were elevated, and seedlings from Fengcheng have the most significant difference. The alkaloid content shows multi-characteristics:The difference of berberine in root increase over time. In other conditions, the content first increased then decreased.(4)The sum weight of three alkaloids in per unit mass and each in three organs and in whole plant of P. amurense seedlings was analyzed. The sum weight varies with berberine content in each period and organ in general. In all situations, the alkaloid content of50%up group is higher than control group. In100%up group, root has the highest alkaloid content, while stem and leave has the lowest. Elevated CO2could increase the accumulation of secondary metabolites, but the optimum concentration was decided by growing stage and the kind of product.