Extraction, Separation And Field Efficacy Of Active Saponins For Resisting Magnaporthe Oryzae From Sapindus Mukorossi And Its Prescription

Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn is a deciduous tree belongs to Sapindaceae, whichhas extensive application value. The pericarp of Sapindus mukorossi is rich insaponins, which main type are oleanane saponins. In order to better develop and useSapindus mukorossi, the extraction process of saponins of Sapindus mukorossi andactivity for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae of saponins were systematically studied inthis article. The activity for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae in vitro and in vivo ofethanol extract from four kind of plant prescription which contains Sapindusmukorossi and Schima superba were also studied. The conclusion of this article canprovide a reference for the development of green rice production of the plant sourcepesticide for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae.Using oleanic acid as the standard substance and the content of Sapindus crudesaponins as an indicator, the effects of different ethanol concentration, extractiontemperature, solid-liquid ratio and different extraction time on extraction rate ofSapindus crude saponins were studied. The results showed that when the ethanolconcentration was70%, extraction temperature70℃, solid-liquid ratio was1:5,extraction time3.5h, the rate of extraction of Sapindus crude saponins was highest.Under these conditions, the extraction rate of Sapindus crude saponin was21.36%.The activity test for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae indicated that under the optimalconditions, the inhibition rate to Magnaporthe oryzae was86.76%when theconcentration of Sapindus crude saponins was0.10mg/mL.Macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel column chromatography and highperformance liquid chromatography was used to separate and purify the Sapinduscrude saponins. Five elution fractions were obtained. They were chloroform:methanol=9:1,7:1,5:1,3:1and1:1. The EC50of each fraction to Magnaporthe oryzae were40.85,29.92,23.13,51.19and46.84μg/mL, respectively. Further purification for7:1fraction obtained a quite pure ingredient. At the concentration of20μg/mL, theinhibition rate for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae was84.16%. Further purification for5:1fraction obtained a component which contains two substances. At theconcentration of20μg/mL, the inhibition rate for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae was81.24%.The mycelium growth rate method and pharmaceutical spray method were usedto study the activity in vitro and in vivo for resisting Magnaporthe oryzae of plantprescription which contains Sapindus mukorossi and Schima superba. The resultswere as follows: the EC50of blasticidin agent inhibit mycelial growth of Magnaportheoryzae was257.0mg/L. When the dosage of the blasticidin agent for resisting leafblast were120,360and600g per acreage, the control effect for deep two optimal9152were9.11%,42.38%and51.76%. It’s control effect of middle and high concentration were superior to tricyclazole which was used in production. When thedosage of the blasticidin agent for resisting panicle blast were180,540and900g peracreage, the control effect were18%,22.87%and43.68%. It’s control effect of highconcentration was near to tricyclazole. The empty flat rate was significantly reducedand the1000-grain weight was significantly enhanced. Thus it can been seen that theblasticidin agent could be used for producing green rice on controlling Magnaportheoryzae.