Effect Of Transplanting Period And Fertilization Mode On Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Central Henan Province

In the typical luzhou field condition of Xiang County, Henan Province, usingChina Tobacco-100and Henan Tobacco-10for the experimental material, this paperstudied that under different transplanting period and fertilization modes conditions,the affection on the flue-cured tobacco growth,physiological metabolism,tobaccoleaves’ yield and quality and the style characteristic. The main findings are as follows:1. Transplanting have significant influence on the growth of tobacco plant.,withdelaying the transplanting time, total growth period of flue-cured tobacco shows "V"-type trend, transplanting earlier promote tobacco budding in advance. The suitabletransplanting date increased the tobacco plant height, stem girth, leaf number and drymatter accumulation, and it is significant different in different treatments.2. The suitable transplanting period can significantly improve the upper andmiddle tobacco leaves ratio, yield and output value, too early or too late transplantingwere not conducive to improving the quality and yield of tobacco leaves. Withdelaying the transplanting time, the weight per leaf and specific weight of leaf offlue-cured tobacco shows decreased firstly and then increased trend, but the rate ofstem is opposite.3. Transplanting period has an effect on the plastid pigment content in theprocess of the tobacco plant growth, but the difference of the plastid pigment contentin modulated flue-cured tobacco in different transplanting period is little. Duringtbacco mature period, the degradation rate of plastid pigment in middle leaves in May6th, transplanted is higher, upper leaves in April27th transplanted is higher.4. The chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves is the most coordinatedin May6th，with the increase of transplanting period, total sugar and reducing sugarcontent of tobacco leaves showed rising trend, nicotine and total nitrogen contentshowed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Protein content is higher inApril27th; the ratio of potassium to chlorine in May6thwas the best. With thepostpone of transplanting period, Ca and Mg ion content increased gradually, and Cuand Fe ion content were the highest in the middle of planting period.5. Transplanting period and fertilization models can significantly influence thecontent of the tobacco neutral aroma substances. The total neutral aroma substances ofthe transplanting tobacco In May6th are the highest. With the transplanting time isdelayed, the affection the content of petroleum ether showed a parabolic trend. 6. With the transplanting time is delayed, the tobacco leaves’ thick aroma style ismore prominent, it is easily to establish the tobacco leaves style characteristic andquality characteristic transplanted in May6th.7. High quality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and goodquality and high yield efficient production technology fertilization modes can reducesoil bulk density, improve the soil structure of the tobacco plants growth, increase soilmicrobial quantity, then improve the physical and chemical characters of soil.8. High quality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and goodquality and high yield efficient production technology fertilization modes have longergrowing season, along with the reduction of nitrogen increasing, organic fertilizer andsupplemental proportion, growth period of tobacco plant increased gradually. Highquality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and good quality and highyield efficient production technology fertilization modes can significantly improve thetobacco plant agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and rootvolume, but the difference between two kinds of fertilization model is not too much.9. High quality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and goodquality and high yield efficient production technology fertilization modes cansignificantly improve the economic characters of flue-cured tobacco, improve thephysical characters of flue-cured tobacco leaves, improve the availability, but theeffect on the physical properties of tobacco fertilization model of high quality tobaccoproduction technology is two-sided, although the mode of fertilization increased leaffilling value, but also increased the stem percentage content of flue-cured tobacco.10. High quality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and goodquality and high yield efficient production technology fertilization modes relativecoordination on chemical composition, two treatments with each other have noobvious advantages. The carbohydrate content is low in the conventional productiontechnology fertilization mode, and in good quality and high yield efficient productiontechnology fertilization modes, it is lower in upper leaves but higher in middle leaves.High quality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and good quality andhigh yield efficient production technology fertilization modes has more nicotinecontent, which more easy to highlight the thick aroma type special style. Fourtreatments of the protein content are relatively high, the Schmuck’s value in themiddle leaves and lower leaves is large, and the overall Shmuck value is between1.5and3.0. Absorption is less affected by different fertilization patterns of potassium and chlorine. Compared with conventional production technology of fertilization model,tobacco production technology fertilization models, high quality tobacco productiontechnology fertilization models and good quality and high yield efficient productiontechnology fertilization models were more favorable to promoting tobacco mineralnutrients, but there were no significant differences among the three processing mode.11. Fertilization models can significantly influence the content of the tobacconeutral aroma substances. The total neutral aroma substances of the transplantingtobacco In May6th are the highest. The total aroma content of high quality tobaccoproduction technology fertilization modes is the higher after removing theneophytadiene, it suggested that the decrease of basal and topdressing proportion canincrease the aroma substances producing, which has a significant effect on the showof thick aroma special style. Different fertilization modes has limited effects on thepetroleum ether extract, upper leaves and middle leaves with good quality and highyield efficient production technology fertilization modes treatment was the highest,lower leaves to deal with high quality tobacco production technology fertilizationmodes was the highest.12. High quality tobacco production technology fertilization modes and goodquality and high yield efficient production technology fertilization modessignificantly promoted the hay fragrant, burnt sweet and burnt incense rhyme of thetobacco leaves. The Tobacco aroma characteristics，smoke characteristics and tastecharacteristics of high yield efficient production technology fertilization modes wassignificantly higher than that of high quality tobacco production technologyfertilization modes. Therefore, high yield efficient production technology fertilizationmodes are more conducive to highlight the flavor characteristics and improve thequality of tobacco leaf characteristics.