The Effect Of Different ClimateAllocation To The Duality And Style Of Tobacco

Abstract: The experament was carried out from2011to2013. Xiangxian Henan wasthe captical and the experament was also carried out in Nanxiong Guangdong,Guangchang Jiangxi, Xuancheng Anhui, Zhucheng Shandong and Luonan Shanxi thatthe tobacco in these arease were full aroma. The goals were analysis the regulationeffect of transplanting date to climate, the style and quality of tobacco in differenttransplanting date and the relationship between climate indexes and the style andquality of tobacco. It was for how the full aroma tobacco producting. The mainconclusions were as follows.The daylight hours, mean air temperature and effective accumulated temperatureincreased first and then decreased and the diurnal temperature decreased graduallywith postponing transplanting time. The tobacco quality was the highest,the fullaroma tobacco was typical and the economic benefit was high when the tobacco wasplanted from the end of April to the first ten days of May based on the analysis ofeconomic benefit and quality characteristics and the climate distribution wasreasonable. About900~1200℃· d effective accumulated temperature,24.5~27.5℃mean air temperature,10.0~12.5℃diurnal temperature and135h daylight hours wererequired for full aroma tobacco production. About350h daylight hours,21~23.5℃mean air temperature, about13.0℃diurnal temperature and about350℃·d effectiveaccumulated temperature were necessary for completing root extending stage; about400h daylight hours, about26.6℃mean air temperature, about13.0℃diurnaltemperature and about550℃·d effective accumulated temperature were needed forcompleting vigorous growth stage; about550h daylight hours, about27℃mean airtemperature, about9.0℃diurnal temperature and about900℃·d effective accumulatedtemperature were necessary for completing maturing stage.Advancing or postponing the transplanting periods made the maturity andseedling recurrenting stage prolong or short firstly and root extending stage secondly.It had no much effort to vigorous growing stage; The agronomic characters,economicbenefit and sensory taste were the best if transplanting from April28thto May5th. With postponing the transplanting periods, protein increased in general, reducingsugar and total sugar increased firstly and then decreased secondly and the contentswere the highest in the middle leaves, potassium element had the same law withreducing sugar and total sugar, sugar-nicotine ratio increased. The conventionalingredients was coordinate if transplanting from April28thto May12th; The four kindsof aroma component were highest when transplanting from April28thto May12thandthere was a significant difference between them.The best transplanting date is from the end of April to the first ten days of May.The effect to the general chemical components is less than the effect to the economiccharacters and smoking quality. The turn of the influence degree to the different leafposition is the upper leaves the middle leaves and the lower leaves. Changing thetransplanting date can’t change the tobacco style, but it reduces the economic andstyle quality.The mean temperature was low in south tobacco areas (the south of China, themiddle of Jiangxi, the south of Anhui) in rooting extending stage and it increasedgradually in three growing stage with postponing the transplanting date. The meantemperature increased significantly in rooting extending stage with postponing thetransplanting date in north tobacco areas (the middle of Henan, the south of Shanxi,the east of Shandong). When the transplanting date was too late, the increase was notsignificant in vigorous growth stage. The mean temperature decreased significantly inmaturing stage with putting off the transplanting date. The diurnal temperature rangeof south areas was lower than the north areas in the whole and the changes wereinsignificant with putting off the transplanting date. The diurnal temperature range innorth areas decreased significantly in vigorous growth stage as the delay oftransplanting date and the diurnal temperature range in maturing stage was stable. Theeffective accumulated temperature was high in all tobacco areas, it was higher invigorous growth stage in Middle Henan and it decreased significantly when thetransplanting date was too late. The rainfall in south was higher than that in north andthe sunshine hours was opposite. The rainfall and sunshine hours in different tobaccoareas and growing stage varied differently with postponing the transplanting date. Thefull aroma displaying degree, smoke sinking degree and smoke concentration wereincreasing in south tobacco areas and decreasing in north tobacco areas. Theburnt-sweetness aroma was significant in south tobacco areas and the burnt aromawas obviously in the south and middle of Henan. The pure-sweetness aroma was obviously in the south of Shanxi and it increased with putting off the transplantingdate. The tobacco quality changed significantly with varying the transplanting date.Nanxiong and Guangchang’s best transplanting date was about in the first fifteen daysof March and Xuancheng’s best transplanting date was in the last ten days of March insouth tobacco areas. In north tobacco areas, the best transplanting date was from thelast ten days of April to the beginning of May.The correlation analysis showed that thepositive correlation was very significant between mean temperature in maturing stageand full aroma displaying degree, smoke sinking degree and smoke concentration.The24.5℃in mature stage was an important climate index for full aroma tobaccoproduction. The positive correlation was very significant between the rainfall ofvigorous growth stage and maturing stage and burnt-sweetness aroma, it wassignificant between the sunshine hours of vigorous growth stage and maturing stageand burnt aroma and the negative correlation was very significant between the meantemperature of maturing stage and pure-sweetness aroma.