Systematic Study On The Wild Species Of Lilium From China

17 Lilium species and 4 Lilium varieties were used as materials to analyze the systematics between wild lilies and discuss several controversial issues which existed in Lilium group division with leaf micromorphology, SRAP molecular marker and ISSR molecular marker. The major results were as follows: 1. The genus Lilium of China was rich in genetic diversity, and there are significant differences between Lilium species.17 Lilium species and 4 varieties were chosen to probe the genetic relationship between different species of Lilium with leaf micromorphology, SRAP molecular marker and ISSR molecular marker. By means of the micro morphology of wild lilies’ leaf epidermis, the result shows that remarkable difference existed in stomatic shape, stomatic inner margin of outer rim, stomatic size, stomatal density, leaf epidermis cell size, the cuticula of epidermis cell, shape of wax, pattern of anticlinal and anticlinal walls between different species. DNA extracted from 21 wild lilies species were amplified by SRAP molecular marker, and 13 SRAP prime combinations were used. A total of 259 clear DNA bands were amplified, 256 of which were polymorphic, the proportion was 98.8%. The genetic distance ranged from 0.3075 to 0.8873. DNA extracted from 21 wild lilies species were amplified by ISSR molecular marker, and 7 SRAP primes were used. A total of 149 clear DNA bands were amplified, 136 of which were polymorphic, the proportion was 91.06%. The genetic distance ranged from 0.3075 to 0.8873. 2. Leaf micromorphology systematic and molecular systematic were partially identical with morphological classification.Three phylogenetic trees were constructed based on three mathods. The results were partially consisitent with morphology classification. On the connection distance level of 16, the lilies of Sect. Sinomartagon were all clustered in one group, several lilies of Sect. Lilium were clustered in one group, and Sect. Martagon formed a distinct group by the method of leaf micromorphology. The result is accordance with structural characters of leaf epidermis. On the correlation coefficient level of 0.515, the lilies of Sect. Sinomartagon were all clustered in one group, several lilies of Sect. Lilium were clustered in one group by SRAP molecular marker. The lilies of Sect. Lilium were clusted in one group, and Sect. Martagon formed a distinct group by ISSR molecular marker. All the lilies of Sect. Lophophorum except L. dauricum Ker Gawler were clustered in one group. This three mathods all demonstrated that it’s difficult to classify Lilium only based on the morphological characteristics. 3. Gene exchanges excisted between Sect.Lophophorum and Seet.Sinomatagon.Sect.Lophophorum and Seet.Sinomatagon have different kinds of flower shape. But in the results of leaf micromorphology and SRAP molecular marker, this two group were clustered in one group. This illustrates that gene exchanges excisted between Sect.Lophophorum and Seet.Sinomatagon. 4. Systematies position of L.dauricum was controversial.Although L.dauricum was classified into Sect. Daurolirion which comprised only one species by Comber, L. dauricum and L. concolor were classified into Sect. Lophophorum, because morphological characteristics of L. dauricum and L. concolor were similar in traditional taxonomy in China. In the clustering results of this study, L.dauricum and the lilies of Sect. Sinomartagon were clusted into one group. In the results of SRAP molecular marker and ISSR molecular marker, L.dauricum firstly belong to one group with L. lancifolium. These results all show that even though L.dauricum is similar with the lilies of Sect. Lophophorum in morphology, it has close genetic relationship with the lilies of Sect. Sinomartagon. So the system position L.dauricum is complicated. 5. Structural characters of leaf epidermis play important taxonomic value in distinguishing between different wild lilies.Structural characters of leaf epidermis of 20 wild Lilium species were examined by the electron microscope and the scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the characters, stomatic shape, stomatic inner margin of outer rim, stomatic size, stomatal density, leaf epidermis cell size, the cuticula of epidermis cell, shape of wax, pattern of anticlinal and anticlinal walls, can reflect the differences of wild lilies. 20 wild lilies can be divided into 4 group by 11 leaf epidermal characters on the connection distance level of 16. The result is accordance with structural characters of leaf epidermis, and it reflects that the structural characters of leaf epidermis can show the genetic relationship of wild lilies.