Rain-shelter Cultivation Influences Microclimate And Grape Quality

Six-year-old ‘Summer Black’, ‘Gold Finger’ and ‘Red Globe’ grapevine were used to study the effects of rain-shelter cultivation in microclimate,photosynthetic characteristics and the quality of grape, which mainly includes the berry length and width, weight, content of soluble solids and total acid in must, skin coloring indexes and aromatic component, etc. In order to know the advantages and disadvantages of rain-shelter cultivation of grapevine, provide preliminary theoretical support for the grape planting.The main results were as follows:1. The microclimate of rain-shelter cultivation changedIn sunny day, the illumination intensity is always extreme significantly lower than the check. The air temperature is significantly higher than the check between 12:00 to 16:00. The air relative humidity in between 12:00 and 14:00 was significantly lower than the check. In the rainy day, the illumination is extreme significantly lower than the check in all day. The air temperature in between 12:00 and 14:00 is significantly higher than the check(the period was the cloudy without rain). The air relative humidity in between 16:00 and 18:00 was extreme significantly lower than the check(the period began to rain).In one filling water cycle, the effect of rainfall on soil relative humidity is shown as follows, In the Rain-shelter(online) is less than outside(between the onlines), the soil relative humidity in the 20 cm is less than the 5cm.2. The photosynthetic characteristics of grapevine leavesPn diurnal variation for ‘Summer Black’ grapevine, the rain-shelter cultivation and the check presented a double-peak curve, but it is significantly less than the check, and the ‘lunch break’ phenomenon is clearly and time is long. Pn diurnal variation for ‘Gold Finger’ grapevine, the rain-shelter cultivation presented a single-peak curve, and the peak occurred about 10:00, but the check was descend step by step. Pn diurnal variation for ‘Red Globe’ grapevine, the rain-shelter cultivation presented a single-peak curve, the ‘lunch break’ phenomenon is lighter but time is long, and the check presented a double-peak curve.3. The grape berry length and width and weightThe grape berry length and width and weight were not significant difference with the check when harvesting, but the growth process is a significant difference. In the rapid growth period, the ‘Summer Black’ grape berry length and width and weight is significant less than the check. The ‘Gold Finger’ grape berry weight only was postponed a week than check in the rapid growth period. The berry weight of ‘Red globe’ is larger than check in the early period and smaller in the late period. When harvesting both is no significant difference. But the growth period of the berry length and width were not significant different.4. The grape berry soluble solids and titratable acidSoluble solids and titratable acid of berry were no significant difference for the ‘Summer Black’ grape. The berry soluble solids of the ‘Gold Finger’ grape was no significant difference and the titratable acid was extreme significantly higher than the check; the berry soluble solids and soluble solids was significantly higher than the check for ‘Red Globe’ grape. In a word, soluble solids content was no affect by rain-shelter cultivation.5. The grape berry surface colorWhen harvesting the berry surface color index of ‘Summer Black’(August 8th) 7.59 was no significantly different from the check 7.53; The berry surface color index of ‘Gold Finger’(August 8th) 1.23 was significantly less than the check 1.25; The berry surface color index of ‘Red Globe’(september 16 th,) and the check was respectively 4.21 and 4.61, so the two reached extremely significant difference. All in all, under the rain-shelter cultivation, the berry surface color of ‘Gold Finger’ and ‘Red Globe’ was changed, or ‘Summer Black’ was not.6. The grapes berry aromatic compositionsThe aromatic composition of ‘Gold Finger’ grapes is main aldehydes and alcohols, the relative content of 2-Hexenal increased 65.33%,greater obviously than the check 55.59%,under rain-shelter cultivation...