Research On Investigation,introduction And Micropropagation System Of Resources Of Lilium In Yunnan Province

Lily is one of perennial herb plants, which belongs to the Lilium of Liliaceae. Lily is widely distributed and has multiple diversities. China is the origin center of lily plant and rich in wild lily resources. Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou are richer in wild lily resources than other provinces. As one kind of flowers with high ornamental, medicinal and nutritional value, lily is largely explored. The survey reports of recent years showed that many wild lilies with ornamental value and endemic species of China are endangered. In order to solve the problem, research was done on the lily resource in Yunnan Province. Besides, the original habitats of Lilium taliense, Lilium bakerianum var. aureum, Lilium sulphureum and Lilium duchartrei were investigated. Based on the investigation and collection of wild resources, regeneration and propagation system were researched, which can be applied to the protection of resources of Lilium in China. Meanwhile, domestication of these kinds of wild lily was carried out in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The main conclusion can be drawn as follows:1. During the research, three species of wild lily in Yunnan Province were collected, including L. taliense, L. sulphureum and L. duchartrei. Plant traits, habitat conditions, plant communities were investigated for these kinds of lily through sample plot surveys, with three pots for the first two and one pot for the last kind of lily. L. sulphureum grows in the forest edge or on steep slopes at the altitude of 1700 to 1900 m and has random distribution. It has big purple bulb and white, trumpet-shaped flowers. L. taliense grows under forest or on the gentle slopes at the altitude of 2900 to 3700 m and has random distribution. It has small yellowish white bulb and white flowers with purple spots which is of high ornamental value. L. duchartrei grows on open gentle slopes at the altitude of 3133 m and has concentrated distribution. It has small white bulb and pink flowers with purple spots. Due to the change of natural environment and human sabotage, wild resources have been very rare, especially for Lilium bakerianum var. aureum and Lilium taliense.2. Different species of wild lilies showed great difference in domestication culture in Wuhan. On the whole, L. sulphureum has the best adaptation, while L. duchartrei comes second. L. taliense and L. bakerianum var. aureum showed poor performance during domestication culture. L. sulphureum grew robustly and 60% of them flowered. Plant height, flowering time, flower size, bulbil setting were not significantly different with those in original habit. The bulbil germination rate is 70%-90%. L. taliense grew poor, 10%-30% plants died in one month after seeding. The flowering rate of the survivor is 13%. L. duchartrei had a high rate of seeding when planted in flowerpot. In May the second year, the pant can grow as high as 30 centimeter, with 10% of them had buds. L. bakerianum var. aureum was easy to die and did not bloom.3. The scales of L. taliense was used as explants in initial culture. The results showed that best disinfection come with 75%alchol dealing with the scales for 40 seconds and 0.1% Hg Cl2 for 12 minutes when the scales was cut into 5mm × 5mm pieces. The rate of contamination is about 12%. The rate of induction is 13.3% when cultured in the light, while 23.3% in the dark. When the scales were sliced into 2mm pieces, the best disinfection come with 75%alchol dealing with the scales for 50 seconds and 0.1% Hg Cl2 for 8 minutes. The rate of contamination is about 0.28%. The rate of induction is zero when cultured in the light, while 28.57% in the dark.4. Tissue culture plantlets of L.taliense and L.bakerianum var. aureum were used as renewable materials to establish an efficient propagation system. The results showed that inducing ability of different explants was: scale>petiole>leaf.①Suitable medium for induction of adventitious bud or callus: MS + 6-BA 0.5mg/L + NAA 0.1mg/L(L. taliense) MS + 6-BA 1.0mg/L + NAA 0.1mg/L(L.bakerianum var. aureum)②Suitable medium for proliferation of adventitious buds : MS + 6-BA 1.0mg/L + NAA 0.1mg/L(L. taliense) MS + 6-BA 0.5mg/L + NAA 0.1mg/L(L.bakerianum var. aureum)③Suitable medium for formation of small bulb: MS + 6-BA 0.2mg/L + NAA 1.0mg/L(L. taliense) MS +NAA 1.0mg/L(L.bakerianum var. aureum)④Suitable medium for bulb expansion: 1/2 MS +NAA 0.01mg/L+60g/L Sucrose(both)⑤bulb expansion of L. taliense under different illumination intensity:Effect of expansion was better under weak illumination intensity, but with plant yellowing and scales spreading.