Impact Of Organic Fertilization On Soil Organic Matter And Composition

Soil organic matter is an important indicator of soil fertility, its content and qualityis closely related with soil fertility, crop growth.Since the second census, crop yield hadincreased significantly in Province-wide, and soil organic matter content also showed ageneral upward trend. Forecasting soil organic matter balance, factors affecting soilorganic matter content and quality and impacting mechanism have been hot topics inrecent years. In this paper, the macro-survey, statistical estimates, field and laboratorytest had been combined. System study:(1) Soil organic matter status and change inWinter wheat-Summer Maize Rotation of Hebei Province, and effects of topography onsoil organic matter and nitrogen spatial distribution, and the relationship between organicmatter and nitrogen;(2) Soil organic matter content and balance calculations of Wuqiangand Gaocheng.(3) Effcets of Crop-residue incorporation on soil organic matter contentand composition, and effects of decomposition on soil organic matter, and effects oflong-term application of organic and phosphate fertilizers on soil organic matter andhumus composition.The results showed that:1. Soil organic matter is19.68g/kg and13.77g/kg of Gaocheng and Wuqiang,and compared with secondary screening, increased by9.16g/kg、3.21g/kg. Soil organicmatter and nitrogen content was positively correlated; the order of soil organic mattercontent is heavy soil mass＞liberia soil mass＞light soil mass; Total nitrogen content isconsistent with soil organic matter.2. Jenny mathematical model has been applicated to forecast on soil organic carbonbalance trend. Represented by Wuqiang, low plain area, if soil organic matter hasincreased to20.00g/kg in10years, wheat straw and corn straw (dry weight) is required18.55t/hm2, wheat straw is required8.24t/hm2, corn straw is required10.31t/hm2; thefull amount of straw to field, soil organic matter will increase to16.56g/kg10years later.Represented by Gaocheng, piedmont plain area, if soil organic matter has increased to20.00g/kg in10years, wheat straw and corn straw (dry weight) is required17.73t/hm2,wheat straw is required7.88t/hm2, corn straw is required9.85t/hm2; the full amount ofstraw to field, soil organic matter will increase to20.84g/kg10years later.3. Four consecutive years of straw wheat-summer maize rotation field trials:compared with the foundation soil, straw with NPK fertilizer treatment, all of soilorganic matter、humic acid、fulvic acid and hu sotheby were increasing trend, but thedifference was not significant. Considering the effect of different varieties ofdecomposition agent and cost factors, when straw in the field, recommended amount of JPY is133.20kg/hm2, and recommended amount of Liquid bacterial fertilizer is432L/hm2, and recommended amount of YSY is3.60kg/hm2.4. Organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer field trials showed: compared with thefoundation soil, the soil organic matter content increased by8.4%~17.3%for the organicmanure treatment and the combined application treatment of organic manure andphosphate fertilizer; Humic、 humic acid、 fulvic acid and hu sotheby increasedsignificantly. Soil humic acid and humic acid content and soil organic matter showed asignificant positive correlation.