Study On The Area Forest Fire Vulnerability

Forest fire is a very harmful natural disaster which deeply affected our social economy, environment and sustainable development.With the deepening of the study of forest-fire and rapid development of social economy, risk investigation of forest-fire has caused widespread concern in international community and academic community. This paper will introduce the concept of vulnerability in forest fire risk assessment system to evaluate the forest fire. Finally, this research will provide policymakers scientific bases to carry on fire safety management of forest-fire, develop the strategy of disaster prevention, reduce fire losses and safeguard the people’s life safety.This paper collected social, economic, natural and forest fire data from 2000 to 2012 of Hunan Province, summarized achievements of domestic and foreign-related vulnerability research, based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method; taking Hunan Province as an example, carried on the comprehensive evaluation of forest fire vulnerability, and put forward some corresponding suggestions on disaster prevention and mitigation. Specific research work and results are as follows:(l)In this paper, based on the starting point that improve the regional forest fire disaster prevention and mitigation capacity should be improved, it aims at the formation process of forest fire risk to explore the significance in fire risk decision making of forest fire vulnerability, and defines the basic concepts and components of vulnerability in forest fire.(2)According to the index selection principle of systematic, practical, desirability, optimization, based on the basic concept of forest fires vulnerability, regional macroeconomic development and forest fire cases in the history of statistical analysis, constructed five criteria layer, including social vulnerability, resources vulnerability, resiliency, disaster response capacity and factors disaster; per population density, capita GDP, volume density, living wood growing stock per unit area, the number of forest fire prevention team, per capita expenditure for social security, the affected area ratio, density of forest fires and forest fires frequency to establish the forest fires vulnerability index system.(3)Analyzing four vulnerability assessment methods, such as the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, matter-element model of comprehensive evaluation, gray clustering comprehensive evaluation method and AHP, corresponding advantages and disadvantages and were compared, the characteristics of forest fires combined; It selected the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the vulnerability to forest fires. And it carried out a detailed elaboration of the normalization processing, calculates weights weight and membership function selection process of the assessment index. Finally, it was divided into four levels respectively corresponding to the higher, high, low, the lower vulnerable areas, according to the results of evaluation, using GIS to make regional forest fire vulnerability grade space distribution, provides scientific basis for the guidance and decision in the prevention and reduction of forest fire.(4)This paper made vulnerability assessment of forest fires for 14 cities of Hunan Province and calculated appropriate level of vulnerability for each city. The result is that, first, vulnerability of forest fires in Hunan is at a high level and zones of high vulnerability accounted for 57.14 percent of the province; then the forest fire vulnerability is spatially uneven, and its vulnerability rating did not show a significant variation in the whole province, but the region of central Hunan especially in Changsha and the Southwest show a high vulnerability, and the feature is weaken and enhanced like waves towards North. Finally, we got a fuzzy matrix based on the evaluation results and made analysis to know the main reasons which causes disaster that have great impact on cities of Hunan province.(5)To reduce the forest fire vulnerability and make the corresponding decisions for evaluating forest fire safety work, this paper proposed that the fire team and the building and maintenance of fire facilities, the awareness and ability of disaster prevention and resilience, the forest fire monitoring and early warning and forecast system construction and other measures must be strengthened on the basis of zone.The research of the vulnerability of forest fire is a new field in the study of forest fire risk study. It haven’t emerged its theoretical system and evaluation method. With the development of society and the deeper research in the study, the research methods about the vulnerability of area forest fire will develop and improve better. Safety management and policy decision of the forest fire will step into a new level.