Design And Research Of Safflower Picking And Gathering Device

Xin Jiang is the main production area of safflower in our country. Safflower in Xin Jiang, whose cultivated area is 2-2.7 ten thousand hm2 annually and whose total production is 2.7-3.6 ten thousand t,accounts for 80 percent of the cultivated area and the production all over China, and is one of the key points of red industries. At present harvesting safflower petals depends entirely on manual work whose disadvantages are that the intensity of labor is big, and that the production efficiency is low, and that the harvest cost is high. This seriously restricts the development of safflower industry. Therefore, to realize mechanized harvest of safflower petals is already becoming the inevitable development trend of safflower industry.The paper has designed the shearing safflower harvesting device, and built the 3D model using Solidworks software based on the material properties of safflower, and carried on kinematics analysis on picking device and flow field analysis on the collection box of gathering device, and then optimized the structure based on the analysis results. After the manufacture of prototype, the field experiment was conducted. The detailed contents and the main results are as follows:(1) The material properties of safflower have been determined and analyzed. The results show that there are significant differences among the distributions of the tensile strength in different positions which are betweent the safflower and the receptacle, between the receptacle and the stem, and stem itself, and that three overall distributions of the tensile strength reduce in turn, and that the effect of the safflower receptacle diameter to the tensile strength between the safflower and the safflower receptacle is significant,and that the effect of the safflower moisture content to the tensile strength between the safflower and the safflower receptacle is significant, and that the safflower suspension speed is 1.72m/s whose moisture content is 8.9%, and that the safflower suspension speed is 3.00m/s whose moisture content is 75.0%. The study provides theoretical basis for designing shearing safflower harvesting device.(2) A kind of shearing safflower harvesting device has been designed. According to the design requirements, the overall design scheme of shearing safflower harvesting device was put forward, and key components and parts were selected and designed based on the material properties of safflower, and the 3D model was built using Solidworks software finally.(3) Kinematic characteristics of picking device has been analyzed. The results show that main factors affecting the speed of moving cutter of picking device are crank length and revolving speed of crank, and that optimal parameter of crank length is 10 mm, and that optimal parameter of revolving speed of crank is400r/min, and that optimal parameter of connecting rod length is 48 mm. Based on optimal parameters,moving cutter of picking device operates steadily and the results of kinematic characteristics are consistent with the theories of kinematics analysis.(4) The collection box of shearing safflower harvesting device has been carried on flow field analysis and optimization using Fluent software. The unreasonable structure was improved based on the original analysis results. So safflower can be subsided in the shortest possible time utilizing the inertial subsidence principle and the gravity settling principle.(5) The prototype has been successfully trial-produced and the field experiment has been conducted.The results showed that the prototype run stalbe and worked reliably, and the device could fit the local harvesting work, and the productivity was 1.35kg/h and the rate of loss was 1.17% and the dirt percentage was 1.50%.Key words:...