| Objective: Brucellosis is a kind of zoonotic infection caused by bacteria of Brucella. Epidemic of brucellosis is widely distributed around the world, especially in China, widely and harm seriously.Brucellosis is also prevalent in parts of Xinjiang region, and Altay region is a high incidence area of this disease. Since the early 1960 s, Cattle and sheep brucellosis have been continuously detected in No.181 of10 th Agriculture Division. But there have none comprehensive systematic epidemiological investigation for brucellosis in the 181 Regiment, so the efficient measures for cattle and sheep brucellosis were not formulated. In this study, from 2008 to 2012, Epidemiological investigation of cattle and sheep brucellosis in the 181 Regiment will be finished, then by comprehensive analysis, the infected herds, the popular rule and the main factors of cattle and sheep brucellosis in this regiment will be understand, and brucellosis prevention recommendations for the 181 Regiment will be offered basing on the findings.Methods: The Rose Bengal Plate test and Tube Agglutination Test were used to detect the infection situation of brucellosis of human and animals; field epidemiological methods were used for survey of infected animals breed, breed, farming methods and the scale of animal origin, immunization, quarantine,culling and analyzed their situation infection related factors.Results:(1) Brucellosis monitoring results in different years: From 2008 to 2012, which a total of12,963 copies of bovine and ovine serum were monitored, the total positive rate was 2.6%. The highest positive rate of sheep in 2011 was 3.81%, and the lowest in 2012 was 1.12%; the highest positive rate of cattle in 2008 was 4.8%, and the lowest in 2012 was 0.18%.(2) Brucellosis monitoring results in different breeding ways: the total positive rate of scaled farms was 1.89%, including: sheep was 1.73%,and cattle was 2.02%; which of backyard farmers was 3.33%, that sheep was 3.26%, and cattle was 3.37%. The monitoring data showed that the positive rates of backyard farmers were higher than that of scaled farms.(3) Brucellosis monitoring results in different varieties of cattle and sheep: There were 241 samples of Kazakh-tailed sheep and Simmental which were infected brucellosis, taking up 71.51%(241/337)of all positive cases. In which, Kazakh-tailed sheep was 89, taking up 72.95%(89/122)of positive sheep, and Simmental was 152, taking up 70.70%(152/215) positive cattle.(4) Monitoring results of human brucellosis epidemic: The highest positive rate of human in 2008 was7.26%, and the lowest positive rate in 2010 was 1.9%. Human brucellosis epidemic tended to slaughter brucellosis practitioners, veterinary medical personnel, breeders and other groups.Conclusion: The analysis of the incidence of brucellosis outbreak investigation of the 181 Regiment from 2008 to 2012 showed that, in the 181 Regiment, epidemic of brucellosis of sheep fluctuated,that of cattle decreased; the brucellosis epidemic distribution of backyard farmers was significantly more features than that of scaled farms. Infected animal species obvious to Kazakh-tailed sheep and Simmental breeds based, analysis: introduction quarantine lax, ineffective positive cattle culling process,immunization instability, cattle and sheep increased mobility, inadequate supervision and quarantine,public health promotion and education are the main factors causing this regiment of human and animal brucellosis infection. Mission for the epidemic status of cattle and sheep brucellosis in the 181 th Regiment,the prevention recommendations follows:(1) To strengthen the construction of animal husbandry and veterinary team, improve the overallquality of the team, strengthen training, and improve the prevention and control technology of brucellosis.(2) To strengthen the publicity of harm and comprehensive control of brucellosis, increase breeders’ s prevention and controlling consciousness of brucellosis.(3) To standard introduction system, improve the inspection system, reduce the introduction to the chance of brucellosis infections(4) To strengthen the supervision and monitoring, perfect the detection system, implement the immune system.(5) To strengthen cooperation between departments, establish and improve the leadership mechanism,while carrying out human and animal brucellosis testing.(6) To active promotion of artificial insemination and cows cold with technology, so as to prevent the spread of brucellosis natural mating;... |
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