Extension And Application Of Cultivars Of Oolong Teas In Fujian Province

Oolong tea was firstly produced in Fujian province which is the Oolong’s main producing area and accounts for more than 80 percent of this tea yield in China. For a long time, the cultivars including Tieguanyin, FujianShuixian, Rougui, and Baiyaqilan were broadly used to produce the Oolong Tea in Fujian, on the contrary many of original cultivars such as Huangdan, Maoxie, Benshan, and Meizhan were underutilized. In the past decade, Oolong Tea (Tieguanyin) was the biggest-selling tea resulted in the extensive promotion of Tieguanyin, and to some extent restricted the promotion of new varieties of oolong tea. Moreover, it caused the neglect of planting different growth stages (picking) cultivars led to centralized of tea picking time, labor shortage, low qualification rate, and lack of tea products which reduces and influences the overall effectiveness of the tea industry and the spread of new cultivars. Therefore, promoting the structure optimization of Oolong tea cultivars, and improving the growth of new tea plants have an important economic value for Fujian.In this study, the manners for strains selection, agronomic traits, biochemical composition and quality characteristics in 20 novel Oolong tea plants, and drown a map for the varieties genealogy of Oolong tea Tieguanyin and Huangdan according to the tea industry situation of Fujian, the status quo of Fujian oolong tea resources and breeding. The results shown that these new selected tea plants had strong adaptability, abundant quantity, efficiency good, rich contents, and suitable for producing, whereas they had narrow genetic basis and could be planted as a single species in the local areas. It was adverse to the popularization and application of Oolong tea species.Based on the time series prediction model, the current situation of 51 varieties extension and novel tea plant breeding in Fujian were investigated. The results shown that five of the national certified varieties were most popular, and the cultivated area of Tieguanyin, Jinguanyin and Jinmudan were gradually increased, and the planting areas of growth for Zimudan, Huangguanyin, Jinmudan, Zimeigui were also rising from 2011 to 2015. The amount of seedings of Fujian certified varieties were mained at a constant level during this period. It’s shown that the Oolong tea species of Jinguanyin and Jinmudan had higher economic benefit. In addition, we analyzed the extension and planting areas of Oolong tea cultivars in the county of Jiaocheng, Fuding, Fu’an, Zhouning and Datian indicated that the advantages such as high yield, high efficiency, and high profit of Oolong tea cultivars in Fujian province will be highlighted by applying of additional manners for seedling cultivation, constructing tea garden with high standard, and improving tea field management level, and employing new cultivation techniques.Additionally, we investigated the popularization and application of Oolong tea cultivars of Fujian from an economic perspective. The results shown that planting new Oolong tea cultivars had higher optimal rate for tea producing, higher average price and yield. Promotion of new varieties of Oolong tea leads to average new revenue of 4838.22 yuan/mu, and the promotion of 1 yuan per investment fee for the community to create 3.35 yuan of economic benefits. Moreover, used the SWOT analysis, the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and threats of Oolong tea varieties encountered were analyzed. It demonstrated that Fujian oolong tea cultivars had a narrow genetic base, single structure of regional varieties and similar quality characteristics with other tea types, and increase of pesticide residues risk, but it contained abundant resources of in varieties level, and had a long history, and could be produced into various of tea types. Fortunately, the development of Oolong tea breeding was coincided with policy of the’One Belt and One Road’raises and free trade area construction of Fujian province. Comprehensively, analysis results indicated that it is the advantages outweigh the disadvantages and opportunity is greater than the threat on the road of Oolong tea cultivar popularization in Fujian province. Hence, we should choose the SO growth strategy.Finally, combined with technology promotion and policy setting into the mode of Oolong tea cultivars extension in Fujian, several comments and suggestions were proposed, including set up and perfect seed-breeding base, enhance extension of improved variety and adjust measures to local conditions, improve the technology popularization, and increase the processing technology innovation, and expand the scope of the planting training. The results of study are important to provide reference data and reasonable suggestions for the promotion and application of Fujian Oolong tea cultivars, and have a positive effect on the development of tea industry in Fujian province.