The Zoning Of Risks And The Explorationg Of Chilling Injury Index Over The Flowering Period Of Camellia In Jiangxi Province

Camellia oleifera Abel belongs to Theaceae Camellia L. plant, and it?s also one of the trees of our unique woody edible oil. As one of the world?s major woody edible oil in four, Camellia plays a very important role in socio-economic,and it also has very large ecological benefits. Ended to 2013, the planting area of Camellia had reached a total area of 5750 hectare, this has gone beyond 80 percent of woody edible oil planting area in our country, and the planting area will go beyond 7000 hectare expecting 2020. With the continuous expansion of the planting area of Camellia, as well as the increasingly important role Camellia plays in national life and country economic, the Camellia industry will be more and more in the protection of national security、oil reserves、increasing self-sufficiency in edible vegetable oil 、 improving the national food consumption structure and increasing farmer?s income. In this study, by using three different temperature gradients to set the experimental program, and taking randomized block experiment under the premise of local adaptability and cultivation, three-year growth Camellia of subordinates clones of Chang Lin Series were selected. This study aims to research the reaction of physiological manifestations of Camellia、and how the biochemical indicators changes under different temperature gradient process when the Camellia in flowering period, the biochemical indicators include MDA、PRO、POD、SOD. All these research were done to clear and provide a theoretical basis and practical basis of temperature suitability level during the flowering period of Camellia. By using the temperature suitability, the zoning map of freezing injury level and risk level were made for giving advice to Camellia reasonable layout and planting. The results of this study are as follow:1. Measured and compared the response of physiological manifestations under different temperature, the results showed that: Along with the decreasing of the processing temperature, the rate of bud drop and falling were increasing, the rate of new buds open and final buds open were decreasing. The rate of bud drop of 4 ℃ was 13 %, 250 % higher than the other two groups, and the rates of bud drop of 8 ℃ and 12 ℃ were consistent. The rate of new bud open of 12 ℃ group was 47.6 %, and the 8 ℃ group was 37.8 %, the two group could open new flowers, but the group of 4 ℃ could not open new flowers.2. Measured and compared the MDA、PRO、POD、SOD content in camellia leaves under different temperature, the results showed that: Along with the decreasing of the processing temperature and the extending of the processing time, the MDA content along with the PRO content in leaves were increasing, the POD activity in camellia leaves were decreasing, the SOD activity in camellia leaves were increasing at first, then it became decreasing. The colder of the treatment temperature, the higher increasing amplitude of the MDA、PRO content in the leaves of the corresponding treatment group. And the colder of the treatment temperature, the faster of decreasing amplitude of the POD activity in leaves, the faster of the SOD activity in leaves of the corresponding treatment group.3. As we can know from the table of cryogenic damage registration in Camellia florescence of Jiangxi province, when the average temperature of some district was above 16 ℃,the florescence of camellia was not affected; when the average temperature of some district was between 12 and 16 ℃ and last for over 32 h, the florescence of camellia was slightly affected; when the average temperature of some district was between 8 and 12 ℃ and last for over 32 h, the florescence of camellia was affected moderately, when the average temperature of some district was below 8℃ and last for over 24 h, the florescence of camellia was affected severely.4. As we can know from the zoning map of chilling injury risk during Jiangxi Camellia florescence, the chilling injury distribution were consistent with the zoning of north of Jiangxi, middle of Jiangxi and south of Jiangxi. The safe zones and mild risk zones in all the 83 eara in Jiangxi were mostly located in the middle-south and south, the moderate risk zones were mostly located in middle-north and north, the severe risk zones were mostly located in large mountains. The average temperature in those areas were lower than the average temperature of Jiangxi province because of the influence of terrain. At the same time, the number of safe zones and mild risk zones in all the 83 eara in Jiangxi was 56, accounting for 67.47% of all the sites. That showed that the chilling injury risk to Camellia florescence in most eara was small, the temperature was suitable for the Camellia florescence and fruit. It was conducive to the development of Camellia industry in Jiangxi province.