| Lycium ruthenicum Murr. is a Solanaceae shrub which is tolerant to saline and arid conditions. It has various values in ecology, economy and sightseeing, and its fruit can be applied to fields of health protection, medicine, cosmetics and drinks. Consequently, the paper systematically studied the planting substrate,environment and method of transplanting, appropriate amount of fertilizer, the contents of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins and control of plant type on the introduction and cultivation of tissue culture seedlings of L. ruthenicum in Beijing. The main results are as follows:1. In order to explore the appropriate planting substrate of tissue culture seedlings of L. ruthenicum in transplanting, experiment was carried out with six planting substrates in the environment of artificial climate chest and greenhouse. The result showed the best treatment was E1 (peat:vermiculite:perlite= 1:1:1), which had a higher survival rate and grown well in aerial and underground part. The better were E2 (peat:perlite= 1:1) and E4 (peat:vermiculite= 1:1). As a relatively new way, transplanting with non-woven fabric in the greenhouse was feasible. It has good quality of seedlings, higher efficiency and economic benefit, which can be taken as a reference to the commercial production and promotion. The experiment on transplanting of L. ruthenicum in six substrate pH was carried out. The result showed that seedlings grown normally in the range of 6.50 to 8.60 (pH of substrate), however neutral and alkaline substrates were more suitable for its growth and development. The pH of soils in Beijing is 8.20, which is just suitable for planting.2. In order to explore the the appropriate fertilizer concentrations, pot fertilization experiments were conducted on tissue culture seedlings in two kinds of ages of L. ruthenicum by setting eight treatments. The results showed the appropriate pot fertilizer concentrations of seedlings potted for 4 months and 10 months were 3 ms/cm (T1) and 10 ms/cm (T2) respectively (concentrations were 1.52 and 6.82 g/L,7 d/time, and 7 times in total). In addition, the experiment on L. ruthenicum potted for 4 months showed that increased amount of fertilizer during flowering could significantly promote blossom. The best effect was F4 in five treatments of fertilizer concentration. It means the appropriate flowering fertilizer concentration was 12 ms/cm (8.33 g/L,7 d/time, and 7 times in total). Pot fertilization experiments also concluded that there was a significant difference between the fertilizer tolerance of tissue culture seedlings in two kinds of age of L. ruthenicum. In the range of eight fertilizer concentrations the experiment set (3-230 ms/cm), The older one had strong fertilizer tolerance, which grew normally in the fertilizer concentration of 3-230 ms/cm. The fertilizer tolerance of the younger one was slightly poor,but was stronger than general plants. When the fertilizer concentration increased to 150 ms/cm (112.87 g/L), plants gradually died. The field fertilizing experiment was carried out by setting ten fertilizing amount. After 5 times treatment, the result showed the best effect were M7 and M8.It means the appropriate fertilizing amount of L. ruthenicum in growth period was 0.7-0.8 g per one (20 d/time, and 5 times in total).3. The anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins contents of L. ruthenicum from Beijing and other producing areas (Qinghai, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia) were determined. The results showed that content of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins from cultivated L. ruthenicum ’No.1’in Beijing with more fertilizer were 90.24 mg/g and 8.40 mg/g, more than those in the origin. It means the cultivation of L. ruthenicum in Beijing is feasible. In addition, the contents of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins from wild L. ruthenicum in Golmud Qinghai (72.71 mg/g and 7.86 mg/g respectively) was significantly higher than that in other places, in which the contents were Aksu Xinjiang>Nomhon Qinghai> Kuerle Xinjiang>Ejinaqi Inner Mongolia. The content of proanthocyanidins from cultivated L. ruthenicum in Golmud Qinghai with fertilization (86.50 mg/g) was significantly higher than that from wild L. ruthenicum. It shows that artificial cultivation of L. ruthenicum with moderate fertilizer is a better way. Proanthocyanidins and anthocyanin content range was 14.26-90.24 mg/g (1.4-9.0%) and 0.69-8.40 mg/g (dry powder). It means anthocyanins was the one which had higher content, medicinal value and health-protecting value.4. The effects of two plant growth retardants chlorcholinchlorid (CCC) and paclobutrazol (PP333) and two methods of application (foliar spray and root drench) were studied on L. ruthenicum in five concentrations and six times in total. The result showed that CCC and PP333 both had dwarfing effect on seedlings of L. ruthenicum in the field. After synthesizing the comparison results, a result had been showed:the best treatment was SY4. It means the best growth control of L. ruthenicum was obtained with 500 mg/L of PP333 applied as a foliar spray. During the pruning of potted seedlings of L. ruthenicum, the plant was treated by exogenous gibberellin in four concentrations and eight times in total. The result showed that the best treatment was K3 (GA3 concentration was 300 mg/L).The study was conducted in order to provide a feasible evidence for artificial cultivation of L. ruthenicum in Beijing and provide a reference for cultivation measures of obtaining L. ruthenicum with good growth condition, higher nutritional value and economic value. |
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