Variation Regularity Of Chlorophyll Content And Leave Traits In Camellia Oleifera Abel, In Guangxi Province

Camellia oleifera is the unique tree full of oil in China, the oil extracted from camellia oleifera is the healthy oil recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. With oil palm, olive oil and coconut, camellia oleifera is one of the four trees full of oil, mainly distributed along with the yangzi river and in 18 provinces in the southern China. The cultivation area of camellia oleifera was about 40 million hectares, taking up 80% of trees full of oil. Currently, the large gap of gain and oil existed in China, the imported oil took up the large part market of China which depended on other countries.The increasing price resulted from cost led to the difficulty of the balance of supply and demand. Therefore, it was essential to fully use and explore the genetic resources of camellia oleifera in order to maintain the safety of gain and oil in our country, improve peoples’health level, income and ecological environment.The traits of leaf and the content of chlorophyll were investigated and evalued in this study, the systematic variation analysis of above traits using the method of the plant genetics and breeding, plant physiology, biological statistics and multivariate statistical analysis, which provide a fundation to fully understand and use to the genetic resources for breeding new accessions. The main results were as following:1. the variation analysis of the leaf related traitsTen traits of leaf were investigated and evalued and analyzed, the results indicated that there were variation of various traits of leaf, the coeffient of variation ranged from 8.93% to 36.56%, the maximum were four times of the minimum, the coeffient of variation of most traits ranged from 15.00% to 20.00%. The rank of the coeffient of variation of leaf traits as follow:leaf angle>leaf index> the width left to main vein>leaf width>petiole length>the wide base distance>vein density>leaf length> leaf thickness>leaf number.The results of correlation analysis between leaf traits indicated that 8 pairs traits were not significantly correlated; another 11 pairs significantly were minus correlated, the remaining were positively correlated. There were large variation of coeffient of variation ranged from-0.8 to 0.83.The results of cluster analysis showed that the 78 genetic resources were divided into 3 categories, the first class was composed of 55,143,61 and 142, which were relatively small; the second class consisted of 21,168,91,107,152,98,95,108,175, 57,79,54,80,146,124,89 and 56; their value were relatively large; the rest were the third class.2. the principal component analysis of leaf related traitsThe leaf related traits were analyzed using principal component analysis, the results showed that the cumulative contribution of the first three principal components was 75.38%, which could represent the information of ten leaf traits. The enguvalue and cumulative contribution of the first three principal components were as following: the enguvalue and contribution were 3.61 and 36.09%, the most important principal component; the enguvalue and contribution of the second principal component were 2.54 and 25.24%; the enguvalue and contribution of the third principal component were 1.40 and 14.05%. Therefore, the information of ten leaf traits were transformed into that of three principal components, were designed as the first, second and third principal component, which repesent the leaf size, leaf shape and leaf vein.The first principal component: y1= 0.474809x1+0.361271x2+0.379208x3+0.361271x4+0.353346x5+0.353346x6 +0.023829x7+0.159509x8+0.083600x9-0.354871x10The second principal component:y2=-0.222774x1-0.053306x2+0.407320x3-0.053306x4+0.421481x5+0.421481x6+0.442483x7-0.085932x8-0.592887x9+ 0.157412X10The third principal component: y3=-0.016380x,+0.154857x2-0.023771x3+0.154857x4-0.005441x5-0.005441x6+0.049 252x7+0.752243x8+0.004155x9+0.558532x10In this study, the first three principal components represented 75.38% of the comprehensive information, the yi、y2、y3 represented the three principal components. The contribution (a1.a2 and a3) of the three principal components were used as weight. The comprehensive evalution model was constructed as follow: F=a1y1+a2y2+a3y3, F, the comprehensive index.3. the variation analysis of the content of chlorophyll of camellia oleiferaIn this study, the content of chlorophll of 102 genetic resources was evaluated, the results showed that the average and standard deveration were 96.94 and 32.79, ranged from 13.00 to 412.90, the coeffient of variation was 33.83.Variation analysis of the content of chlorophll of 102 genetic resources indicated that the difference of the content of chlorophll of different genotypes were significant.According to the content of chlorophyll,102 genotypes were divided into two classes. The first class was composed of 94,127,138,113 and 117, the others were another class.The correlation analysis between the traits of leaf and the content of chlorophll was carried out. The results showed the correlation between the traits of leaf and the content of chlorophll was not significant.