| Camellia oleifera is a unique woody oil species in China. Camellia is the plant of relatively resistant to soil drought,but is very sensitive to soil moisture in fruit growth and fat conversion period (July-October),and it is rainfall less in the main producing areas of Camellia from July to October,is prone to phased drought, Seriously affect fruit growth and oil accumulation of Camellia.The proverb in forestry also said:" Drought in July affect fruit growth, and in August affect oil accumulation". Therefore, it is important for Camellia to moisture conservation. A 10-year-old stand of Camellia oleifera’Xiang Lin’ 14 clone was subjected to four different treatments:straw mulching(T1), non-textile mulching (T2), plastic film mulching (T3), non mulching (T4),using stem flow meter, automatic meteorological station, soil moisture and other equipment, observations of soil moisture, climatic factors, sap flow, fruit growth dynamics of change regular, After the end of the experiment measured the main indicators of yield and quality, we reached the following conclusions:(1) Camellia with forest coverage can increase the total water content of soil, the highest of total soil water content each month is straw mulching, the total soil water were T1> T2> T3> T4. Effect of different soil water content in different soil mulching have difference,soil water in 20cm were T2> T1> T3> T4, soil water in 20cm and 50cm were T1> T2> T3> T4. Effect of mulching the soil humidification were 20cm soil layer> 50cm soil layer> 80cm soil layer. Effect of mulching the soil humidification from July to October showed a decreasing trend month by month.(2)There are difference about the different mulching treatments on the diurnal variation of sap flow velocity of Camellia, the sap flow velocity activities time were T1> T2> T3> T4. The peak of Camellia sap flow velocity occurs is the same in substantially at the same time of day, the peak were T1> T2> T3> T4. The sap flow velocity activities time and the peak of Camellia sap flow velocity in different weather were sunny day>cloudy day>rainy day.(3) The different mulching treatments on the diurnal variation of sap flow velocity of Camellia positively correlated with global solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed, rainfall;negative correlated with air relative humidity,the correlation were sunny day>cloudy day>rainy day.(4)The fruit diameter, fruit height periodic observations of Camellia and this projection of fruit volume from Jul. to Oct. mostly were T1> T2> T3> T4. The final values of fruit diameter and fruit height under the different mulching were T1> T2> T3> T4, The ratio of fruit diameter and fruit height values final in straw mulching and non-mulching were 108.5% and 102.1% in 2014,108.2% and 103.7% in 2015,the differences were significant or highly significant. The ratio of fruit volume values final in straw mulching and non-mulching were 120.1% in 2014,126.8% in 2015.(5) Single fruit weight,fruit number of single plant,fruit weight of single plant,the moisture content of seed,the moisture content of pericarp, fresh seed of fresh fruit, dry kernel of dry seed, oil content of dry kernel, oil content of fresh fruit, single fruit oil content of Camellia under different mulching were T1> T2> T3> T4. yield-increasing effect of straw mulching is best, as compared with the non-mulching fruit weight of single plant increased 43.9% in 2014, increased 49.4% in 2015, single fruit oil content increased 56.2% in 2014, increased 73.1% in 2015, Tea oil of four different treatments’unsaturated fatty acid was 90.78%-91.36%,saturated fatty acid were 8.64%-9.22%,four different treatments had a little effects on oil composition. |
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