| In this present study, PCR-SSCP method was used to detect the SNPs of PPARα gene and PPARγ gene in the core group of Jinmao Hua chicken. The general linear model was used to analyze it’s relationship with growth traits,carcass traits and meat quality traits. After that, the developmental pattern of PPARα and PPARγ mRNA expression in different tissues in different week old were determined by relative quantitative RT-PCR.The main results were as follows:1. We chose PPARa as a candidate gene, detecting the exons of the gene, found one mutation T300A on exon 1, G422A on exon 5, and two mutations T840A and A843G on exon 7. Except the mutatign of G422A changed the amino from arginine to histidine, other mutations were all belong to synonymous mutation. On the subject of growth traits, the least square analysis showed that the body weight except the birth weight on the H1H6 revealed significant lower than the other haplotypes (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the the body weight was significantly higher in H1H3 than that in other haplotypes. So we concluded that the haplotype of H1H6 showed a disadvantage on the growth, while the haplotype of H1H3 displayed an opposite effect.In the terms of carcass traits, the haplotype H1H1 was in favor of the body weight and carcass weight, the values on the hens showed significanly higher than the H1H2, H1H3 and H2H5 (P<0.05), while H1H2 was a advantaged gene with regard to the breast muscle weight and the leg muscle weight, for the breast muscle weight of which showed significantly higher than H2H5 and the leg muscle revealed significantly heavier than H1H3. When it comes to the cocks, the traits about body weight, carcass weight, eviscerated weight, abdomen fat weight and breast muscle weight on haplotype of H1H3 showed signivicantly higer than H1H2 (P<0.05) while the leg muscle weight displayed significantly heavier than H1H2 (P<0.01). In the aspect of female chicken’s meat quality, H1H3 had a good performance on the breast muscle pH, H2H5 showed higher leg muscle pH, while the rate of water holding capacity on the H1H3 showed significant higher than H2H5 and the crude fat content of breast muscle higher than H1H3 (P<0.05). For the male chickens, the crude fat content of breast muscle on H1H1 being a benefit haplotype showed signicantly higher than other haplotypes, while IMPc of the leg muscle on the H2H5 significanly lower than H1H2 and H1H3. H1H1 was a fovor haplotype in terms of leg muscle moisture, the value of which showed significanly higher and extremely significant than H1H2 and H1H3, respectively. (Conclusion)The results showed that the polymorphism of PPARa have certain effects on growth, carcass and meat quality in on Jinmao Hua Chicken.2. The CDS of PPARy gene were screened in Jinmao hua chicken. The results showed that sequencing revealed one mutation (C858T) on exon 5 of PPARy gene in the genotype AA and genotype AB.The results showed that, there was no significant difference between genotype AA and AB in growth traits. It suggested that SNPs of PPARy gene had no significant effects on growth traits of Jinmao hua chicken; in terms of carcass traits,female individuals with AB genotype of PPARy gene had higher breast muscle weight(P<0.05) and leg muscle weight(P<0.01)compared to individuals with AA genotype,while the individuals with AA genotype had higher abdominal fat weight than the individuals with AA genotype(P<0.01).Male individuals with AB genotype had higher breast muscle and abdominal fat weight than individuals with AA genotype,then there was no significant difference in other traits;in meat quality traits, female individuals with AB genotype of PPARy gene were lower(P<0.01) than the individuals with AA genotype in BMSV,while the individuals with AB genotype were higer than AA genotype in crude fat of breast muscle. Fleshcolor in the individuals with AA genotype was deeper than the individuals with AB genotype (P<0.05) in breast muscle and also had lower WHC and higer crude fat than the individuals with AB genotype (P<0.01) in leg muscle. Male individuals with AA genotype had higher shear force compared to individuals with AB genotype in leg muscle (P<0.05) and also in crude fat(P<0.01). In other meat quality traits, there was no significant difference between genotype AA and AB (P>0.05).3. The developmental pattern of PPARa and PPARy mRNA expression in different tissues in Jingmao hua chickens during different growth stages were studied. The results showed that the PPARa gene gave the performance of high expression of liver, and then heart, then was leg muscle. The expression level of PPARa in liver was on the upward trend with the increasing age. The expression level of PPARa mRNA in breast muscle and leg muscle were highest at birth, then declined at the age of 2-week. At 4 week,it rose and there was a smooth change after 6 week age. The PPARy gene gave the performance of high expression of heart, breast muscle, leg muscle and Hypothalamus. The expression level of PPARy mRNA in breast muscle and leg muscle were the highest at 2 week age,then the expression level declined and there was a smooth change after 6 week age. |
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