Studies On Biological Characters Of Sexual Propagation Of Polygonatum Odoratum

Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce is crude medicine which belongs to liliaceae of Polygonateae. With rather high economic value, it can be used both as medicine and food, andhas been developed a lot. Polygonatum odoratum（Mill） Druce was used as material in this essay, in order to systematically study the sexual reproduction of Polygonatum odoratum（Mill） Druce, including the growth stage of microspore,pollen viability,flowering habit,characteristics of fruiting;dormancy phenomenon exsits in Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce, which leads to low rate of emergence and orderliness of sprout, in order to radically resolve the problem of Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce breeding, storage conditions of seeds, germination inhibitors, suitable condition of germinate were studied. Results are as followed:Process of growth of microspore can be divided into tetrad stage,uninuclear stage,binucleate stage;Hematoxylin staining fluid is judged as the best staining fluid to judge the stage of Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce.It can dye the cell nucleus of microspore into dark brown, which is easy to distinguish. The four growth stages of microspore are significant different from flower bud（longitudinal and transverse demeter）, with no significant difference between longitudinal and transverse demeter; and there is close contact between the growth of microspore and growth of anther. Therefore, the growth stage can be directly estimated, based on the growth characteristics to choose the suitable material for future haploid breeding.Methylene blue test adsorption is the suitable measure for pollen living capacity.The result is quite similar with hanging drop culture, and it is much easier. And there is correlation with the result of vitro germination method.Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce will last from April to May, about two weeks. Flower season from bud to out of bloom will last for 12^-17days; each inflorescence will last for 2-4days, full-bloom stage would appear during the 9^-15 days of the whole season, which account for 58.34% of the whole season. It will begin to bear at the last 10 days of wither period, Fructification percentage would be 50.57%,at the initial and ripe period fruit abscission is severe, fruit dropping rate could reach to 61.93%.The suitable storage condition should be 4 ℃ cold sand storage; suitable germination conditions: ultrasonic effect 50 min, Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce seed germination index reach to the best point, at this time, germination rate is 53.15%, germination potential is 36.18%;when Ga3 treatment concentration is 200mg·L^-1 it works the best for germination, the germination rate can be 82.00%, germination potential can be 69.48%;when Naphthalene acetic acid concentration is 1.5 mg·L^-1 it works the best for germination, the germination rate can be 76.23%, germination potential can be 60.48%.There is germination inhibitor in Polygonatum odoratum（Mill）Druce fruits, the inhibition level vary from different positions, degree of inhibition is:seed>pulp>pericarp; extraction from methanol extract liquids of Polygonatum odoratum seeds, and measure the degree of germination inhibition, results showed that the level of cabbage inhibition affected by extract liquor of Polygonatum odoratum is different, the degree of inhibition is Ethyl acetate phase>ether phase>Petroleum ether phase; inhibitor in Polygonatum odoratum seeds including organic acids,sugar,esters,alcohols,indoles etc.