The Development Of Deep Vein Thrombosis In Diagnosis And Treatment And Prevention

Deep vein thrombosis is blood clot that formed in the venous blood tube, it is a clinical common fatal complication, which has great influence in the treatment and prognosis of patients with orthopaedic trauma and other in- patients.Thrombosis of lower limb can develop pulmonary embolism(pulmonary embolism, PE), cause hemodynamic instability, May lade to life-threatening.50% of Severe DVT can develop thrombosis syndrome(PTS),which has great Influence in the quality of patients life. Currently, the research has confirmed the pathological changes of deep vein thrombosis is based on the vein injury, static affectionately blood stasis and blood high condensation state. After diagnosis of Deep vein thrombosis, the best method for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis(iliac venous thrombolysis, mesh placement, surgery chuan and anticoagulant selection and anticoagulation therapy) and management(school and hospital care unit), remains contro- versial. In order to assist in the making the clinical diagnosis and Therapeutic schemes of venous thromboembolism, the clinical diagnosis method, auxi- liary examination, treatment and management of venous thromboembo- lism have been developed.Deep venous ultrasound has a high sensitivity, low cost, fast and convenient advantages, has been recognized as the first diagnosis method of deep vein thrombosis, venous ultrasound specific indicators such as venous lumen diameter, vein wall performance, compression ratio, venous valve function and collateral circulation test is helpful for deep vein thrombosis in installment,But deep vein ultrasonic only can stage fuzzy installment of DVT. In order to find a relatively accurate check method of vein thrombosis in installment, Currently people studied the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in the diagnosis and staging of deep vein thrombosis, confirmed that MRI can differentiate acute deep vein thrombosis, subacute deep vein thrombosis, and chronic deep vein thrombosis. The D- dimer as a specific indicators of intravenous thrombolysis, from found up to now, has long been seen as significant deep vein thrombosis test indicators, respected by people. At the same time, the evaluation method of clinical diagnosis in deep vein thrombosis for the clinicians to make early diagnosis and treatment is also important, and became more and more attentioned by people. But because of the complexity of clinical scoring method, it has not been widely used, but people did not lose interest in its study, the new simple scoring methods are constantly being verified and researched.Current clinical research confirmed that D- dimer joint vein thrombosis risk clinical scoring method, have higher sensitivity to rule out deep vein thrombosis, is being used in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. At the same time, about the meaning of posi- tive diagnosis threshold of D-dimer about deep vein thrombosis and the development of the detection method, the current clinical research think D- dimer age-adjusted thresholds is more Accuracy than traditional D- dimer threshold, that improve the diagnostic accuracy of D-dimer. For the special groups the significance of D- dimer threshold has also been researched.For the treatment of deep vein thrombosis, including physical therapy, pharmacology anticoagulant thrombolytic therapy and surgery in treating, currently physical treatment and clinical. pharmacology anticoagulant thrombolytic therapy used the most.currently Physical therapy is often used as an aid in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis, Some studies show it’s helpful in relieving swelling and pain of symptom deep vein thrombosis. and with no increase in the risk of pulmonary embolism.Making clinical concept of deep vein thrombosis of absolutely lie in bed treatment with new findings, which makes the movable patients more and more reasonable outside treatment, It is very benefit in the decline of medical consumption of hospital for deep vein thrombosis, At the same time,with the improving of new anti-clotting drugs and traditional anti-clotting drugs application in anti- coagulant therapy, and the study of course of anticoagulant therapy makes the treatment of venous thrombosis more improved. It is helpful in reducing patient’s pain and medical resource consumption.For deep vein thrombosis anticoagulant treatment guidelines idifferent in time, American thoracic society guidelines. Recommend that in major orthopedic surgery and trauma: anticoagulant therapy should continue until at least 35 days postoperatively(2 b), Double pharmacology of anticoagulant and intermittent pressure physical therapy applied in hospitalized patients(2 c) at the same time, For the anticoagulant treatment of pulmonary embolism and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, public service center of international society of thrombosis and hemostasis guidelines that the duration of anticoagulant therapy should be 3-6 months. Long-term anticoagulant therapy refers to more than three to six months, the treatment can be a lifetime or until bleeding risk began to appear.At the same time, new oral anticoagulant drugs such as rivaroxaban, edoxaban et al.The research of oral medicine safety and effectiveness bring people new anticoagulation choice and hope, which has great progress for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis, and the life and health of the patients.Deep vein thrombosis is a deadly complications, but it can be prevent. Its deep research and study in the diagnosis and treatment is always been attention by the clinical and scientific research personnelly home and abroad.The development of early diagnosis, early treatment for deep vein thrombosis, improving the prognosis and occurrence decline of patients with fatal deep vein thrombosis. Effectively reduce post-thrombotic syndrome. It can also improve patient quality of life, reduce the economic burden of the patient and the state. it will be a great contribution to the social development. Therefore, we review and surmmerize the developoment and change of deep vein thrombosis diagnosis, treatment, and management recent years.