| Objective Acute myeloid leukemia(acute m yeloid leukemia, AML) is a m alignant tumor of the hematopoietic system is closely related to its devel opment and changes of chromosomes. The vast majority of leukemia patients have non-random chromosomal aberrations, they type of leuke mia diagnosis, treatment options, prognosis of choice has a very important value. This paper aims to study cell genetics, discuss the diagnosis in children with acute myeloid leukemia(AML), treatment and prognosis of.Method Acute myeloid leukemia(AML) by FAB classification, can be divided into M1( original undif ferentiated myeloid leukemia), M2( form er part of dif ferentiated myeloid leukemia), M3a( co arse particle type promyelocytic leukemia), M3b( f ine particle type prom yelocytic leukemia), M4( Reap- monocytic leukem ia), M5( monocytic leukemia), M6( erythroleukemia), M7( acute megakaryocytic leukemia). 64 cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia in children with bone marrow chromosome were detected and analyzed. Samples were obtained from bone m arrow cells in patients afte r treatment on the anterior superior iliac spine, blood diseas es laboratory by direct culture or 24/48 hour short-term culture, G-banding technique for testing. Follow-up of 1-60 m onths, the analysis of treatment response rates of different karyotypes distribution ratios in various subtypes, normal karyotype and abnormal karyotype.Results1. All 64 patients with acute myeloid leukemia patients, 33 males, 31 females, aged 10.5 years, 6 months to 14 months, with a median age of 7 years old. M1 subtype one case, M2 subtype 28 cases, M3 subtype 13 cases, M4 subtype 5 cases, M5 subtypes 16 cases, M7 subtype 1 cases. 2. M3 abnormal karyotype aberrations highest rate, 76.9 %, followed by M2 abnormal karyotype aberrations was 64.2%, M4 was 60.0%, M5 lowest, 31.2 %, the highest M1, M7 karyotype aberrations, 100 %, but the number of cases as a trial study is too small, are one case, there is no clear statistical significance, so this experiment the highest rate of M3 subtype of distortion, the total rate of 59.3% of chromosomal aberrations. 3. Acute myeloid leukemia cases, there are 10 kinds of abnormal karyotype and complex karyotype abnormalities. t(8; 21) at most, there are 13 cases, and the presence of abnormal karyotype 92.3% in the original part of differentiated myeloid leukemia(M2) in; t(5; 17) has 10 cases, exists only in acute promyelocytic cell leukemia(M3) in, inv(16)(p13; q22) has two cases were present in the M4 and M5, 8q- have two cases present in M2 medium, 11 p + and 11 q- 1 case, are present in M2, the +8 and +12 in 1 case, are present in M2, and-19 have one case, exist in M2, the three cases hyperdiploid, were present in the M2 and M5, and the remaining two cases is complicated karyotype, were present in the M5 and M7. 4.M2 subtype in 12 cases of abnormal karyotype t(8; 21), of which 10 cases of remission after treatment, two cases of non-remission after treatment, remission rate was 76.9%. M3 subtype in 10 cases of abnormal karyotype t(15; 17), 10 patients were in complete remission after treatment, remission rate was 100 %. Other abnormal karyotype abnormalities total 15 cases, 46.6% response rate, which inv(16)(p13; q22) has two cases, one case of remission, and 1 died. 8q- have two cases, were relieved. 11 p + 1 case, follow-up and death. 11q- there is one case, remission. +8 Have one case, death. +12 1 case, remission.-7 1 case, follow-up and death.-19 1 case, remission. These three groups of cases with abnormal karyotype, from comparing the efficacy of the case, was not statistically significant, P <0.05.Conclusion1. Acute myeloid leukemia cell has its genetic basis, chromosome studies diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, treatment and prognosis are important; 2. Acute myeloid leukemia karyotype abnormalities in the difference between the FAB subtypes, M3 highest abnormal karyotype aberrations, M2, M4 medium, M5 minimum. 3. t(15; 17) seen in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL), the prognosis is good. 4. t(8; 21) is more common in M2, the prognosis is good, can also be found in the M4 and M5, the prognosis is worse; 5. +8 abnormalities seen in AML M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 subtypes, prognosis moderate; 6. inv(16) high white blood cells, low platelet poor prognosis; 7. AML patients with normal karyotype moderate prognosis. |
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