Relative Analysis Between Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets And ALT、AST And HCV-RNA Levels In Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Objective The purpose of this study were to observe the cell immune function in the patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection, and to investigate the correlation between T cell subsets and HCV viral load in patients with HCV infection. Methods The samples were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University 2012-05 to 2013-02 for 10 consecutive months 169 cases of adult outpatient and with HCV infection and 120 cases of normal healthy subjects were enrolled. Each patient was collected 1 ml peripheral venous blood treated by EDTA-K2 anticoagulant and 4 ml peripheral vein blood with non anticoagulated treatment. Flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral T cell subsets and fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect viral load in patients with HCV infection. The concentration of ALT 、AST were detected by ALT、AST biochemical analyzer. Results ① The study showed that the percentage of CD4+T cells(42.87 ± 6.11) and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+(1.34 ± 0.25) in patients patients were significantly lower than those of normal control group, which were 49.55 ± 6.68 and 1.82 ± 0.11 respetively(P<0.01). But the percentage of CD8+T cells(32.78 ± 5.48) were higher than that of the normal control(27.35 ± 4.32),(P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the percentage of CD3+ T cells. ②The viral load of CHC in patients was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. We found that there were 57 cases of viral load greater than 1 × 105 copies/ml, and 55 cases of viral load at 1 × 103 ~ 1 × 105, and 57 cases whose viral load is less than 1 × 103 copies/ml, and 120 cases of normal healthy people whose viral load were in the range of 0 ~ 1 × 103. Statistics analysis showed that with the increase of HCV RNA replication load, the percentage of CD8+ T cells increased gradually, while the percentage of CD4+/T cells and CD4+//CD8+ ratio decreased gradually.(3)High HCV RNA replication of 112 cases in serum were detected, and they were higher than 1 x 103 copies/ml. The concentration of ALT in 77 cases were abnormal, and the abnormal rate was 68.7%,The concentration of AST in 70 cases were abnormal rate was 62.5%,, The increase of the concentration of abnormal ALT 、AST positively correlated with the increase replication of HCV-RNA through statistical analysis(r=0.871, P<0.05), while the change of ALT、AST concentration did not correlate with the HCV RNA replication(r=0.031, P>0.05). Conclusion This study contributes to a better understanding of HCV. The change in the percentage of T lymphocyte subsets may be one of the important reasons for the presistant infection of HCV. and may be an important cause leading to the decrease of T lymphocyte response ability with increased expression level of HCV RNA..In addition, ALT、AST is merely a response to inflammation pathological changes of liver.