| Objective：Hypertension is the most common chronic non-communicable diseases, is alsothe most important risk factor of cardiovascular disease.The main complications ofstroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and kidney disease,are not only associatedwith disability and mortality,and hypertension is a serious drain on the medical andsocial resources and a heavy burden on health care to families and society. Domesticand foreign practices proved that hypertension can be effective prevented andcontrolled, could reduce the development of cardiovascular diseases and improve thequality of life of patients by decreasing blood pressure.In this study, the influencefactors and status of hypertension in752adult residents were analyzed, the influencefactors of hypertension were explored to provide a theoretical basis for the furtherdevelopment of prevention and treatment of hypertension.Method：This study was relied on the data bank of Jilin Province of China Health andNutrition Survey in2012.Total752adults were investigated in rural and urban areasin Jilin Province and752dietary recall were done, excluding pregnant women,subjects without blood pressure. General data of the normal quantitative data wasshown with Mean±SD and the non-normal distribution of quantitative data wasshown with Median±IQR; The t test was used to verify mean differences betweenthe two groups of samples，the ANOVA was used to compare differences among thegroups. The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of prevalence ofhypertension between urban and rural, the differences between two groups or moresets of samples were analyzed with nonparametric test. Principal ComponentsAnalysis(PCA)of Factor(FA)was used to identify dietary patterns. The single and multi-factor logistic regress methods were used to explore the influence factors ofhypertension. All statistical tests are bilateral test, set inspection level α=0.05, P<0.05as the difference is significant.Results：1. The analysis of basic informationIn this survey, urban and rural residents accounted for52.26%,47.74%; malesand women accounted for43.88%,56.12%;The mean age was51.06±14.55years, ofwhich45to60years old in the majority, accounting for39.23%;the proportion ofdifferent cultural level such as the junior high school, primary school, high schooland college and higher, illiteracy were30.45%,29.92%,21.81%,13.96%and3.86%respectively. The proportion of no-fixed、Brain-based、physical-based occupationwere43.62%,44.15%,12.23%.Ethnic composition dominated by Han Chinese, ashigh as95.74%.Marriage is given priority to married, accounted for84.69%. Thelow-income,middle-income and high-income families were accounted for48.40%,28.06%,23.54.The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)were (128.00±22.00) mmHg and (82.00±11.40) mmHg, respectively.The meanheight, body weight and waist were (160.93±8.37)cm,(61.75±14.30)kgand(76.00±88.00)cm. The overweight or obesity accounted for49.47%;Abnormalblood sugar (5.85%); Abnormal cholesterol (15.03%); Triglyceride was abnormal(23.39%); Center type obese people accounted for43.25%. All the above valuesbesides BMI for urban were significantly higher than that for rural residents(P<0.05).The average hours of sleep,sedentary,housework and trip were (7.00±2.00)h,(3.00±2.00)h,(0.60±0.90)h and (0.60±0.60)h.The smokers, passive smokers anddrinkers were accounted for25.43%,37.46%and25.90%. The proportion of walking,riding a bicycle,taking bus(bus, light rail) and driving private cars (cars, motorcyclesand electric cars) and not walk as the main way to travel were54.15%,5.64%,25.96%,12.61%and1.63%.Getting enough sleep is79.88%; Leisure time is not involved in exercisers accounted for54.92%.2. The status of hypertensionThe normal blood pressure was accounted for48.27%of in subjects.Thepercentage of hypertension pressure were of I, II and III level whose blood were23.27%,4.65%and0.80%respectively. There was no significant difference inpercentage of hypertension classification between urban and rural. The prevalencewas28.72%of normal persons were hypertensive.The mean SBP/DBP was129.41/81.61mmHg. Compared with18~45years, the risk of high blood pressureincreased5.50times of60and older group in urban,6.99times in rural.3. Survey of food and nutrient intakeCompared to the recommended value by Chinese residents balanced dietpagoda, the intake of vegetables and eggs were all in line with the recommendedvalue,and grains,meat and oil were slightly more than the recommended value.Fruits,fish, milk, soy and nuts and salt were less than the recommended value. The intakeof dietary energy and fat were higher than the recommended values,the intake ofdietary protein,carbohydrates and cholesterol were within the recommendedrange,only dietary fiber intakes were lower.Dietary phosphorus, sodium, iron, zinc,copper and manganese exceeded the recommended values.The average daily intakeof potassium and magnesium were closed to the recommended value, accounted for93.31%and90.73%. And calcium and selenium were significantly lower than thereference intake. Vitamin E, niacin were higher than reference intake, vitamin Cintake closed to the reference, accounted for91.17%. Vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitaminB2intake lower than the dietary reference intakes. Dietary patterns included"highprotein mode","main vegetables mode","spice model","meat model" and "grainmodel" mainly.3. Analysis of influence factors of hypertensionLogistic regression analysis revealed that overweight or obesity(OR=2.86,95%CI=2.01~4.07) increased the risk of hypertension.But education(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.64~0.89) and dietary protein intake(OR=0.71,95%CI=0.58~0.87) were negative influencing factors for hypertension.Conclusion：1. The prevalence rate of hypertension of752adults was28.72%, remained at a highlevel, the prevalence rate of hypertension in the urban than the rural, graduallyincreasing with age.2.752adult residents had been consumed more meat and oil, higher energy andfat.The dietary sodium intake had been exceeded nearly three times compared withthe recommended value.The intake of calcium, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin B1,vitamin B2is lower than the recommended value at different levels.3. Logistic regression analysis revealed that overweight or obesity increased the riskof hypertension,but education and dietary protein intake were negative influencingfactors for hypertension. |
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