Study On Isolation Of Chemical Composition And Extraction Of Alkaloids In Nigella Glandulifera Freyn.

Nigella glandulifera Freyn.,a plant of Nigella genus in Raunnculaceae family, is widely cultivated in Xinjiang.Nigella glandulifera Freyn. is rich in compounds,such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and other constituents.It has many effects,just as diuretic,blood circulation,detoxification,tung milk,UFAand antiaging.As a result, Nigella glandulifera Freyn. has cetain prospects.Through this study,an integrated basis of development and utilization of resources of Nigella glandulifera Freyn. was provided.The ethanol extraction of alkaloid in Nigella glandulifera Freyn. was optimized in this paper;and the chemical constituents were isolated and identificated. Contents and results of this study are as follows:1. Studied the chemical components in bark of Nigella glandulifera Freyn..The results showed that Nigella glandulifera Freyn. contains protein,amino acids,polypeptide,reducing sugar,organic acid,saponin,flavonoids,lactone,plant sterols, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, essential oil,grease and polysaccharide.2. The chemical composition of Nigella glandulifera Freyn et Sint. was determined and analysed.The resuIts showed that Nigella glandulifera Freyn et Sint. is rich in protein and fatty,respectively accounting for 25.25%,35.8% of dry weight;fatty acids is mainly of unsaturated acids,especially linoleic acid,which accounting for 50.56% of total fatty acids;and is also rich in amino acids,mineral elmengts,volatile oils.The quantity of limited heavy mentals accords with GAP and medicinal plants and agents import and export green industry-standard of foreign trade and economic sectors of People’s Republic of China.3.Optimized the extraction technique for total alkaloids from Nigella glandulifera Freyn.by EtOH,the single factor tests and response surface method were used.The factors including EtOH density,the ratio of bittermelon to solvent,extraction time and extraction temperature were studied.The best extraction method was found through the response surface method,the reponse surface method with 4 factors and 3 levels.The results showed that the optimun conditions were that EtOH density of 69%,the ratio of bittermelon to solvent of 10ml·g-1,extracting temperature of 83℃and extracting time of 160min.Under such these conditions the extraction rate of total alkaloid could be up to 3.89 mg·g-1 at one-time extraction.4. Nigella glandulifera Freyn. was extacted with 80% ethanol for 3 times,the dried extraction was dissolved with appropriate water,and then extracted with CHCl3 as the same amount for 3 times,then to be part of chloroform and water layer.Water layer adsorpted with D101 macroporous resin, eluted with water and different concentrations of ethanol.Chloroform layer through silica gel column chromatography, obtained copies of 14 streams.The NgC-10 flow through silica gel column chromatography got eleutheroside K (Oleanolic acid-3-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1â†'2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside),this compound is the first time isolated from N. glandulifera Freyn.,is also the first time isolated from Nigella;The NgC-12 flow through the ODS column isolated 7 streams, then NgC-12-4 via silica gel column chromatography,got two compounds—hederagenin-3-O-α-L–rhamnopyranosyl(1â†'2) -α-L-arabinopyranoside and hederagenin-3-O-β-D- xylopyranosyl(1â†'3)-α- L- rhamnopyranosyl(1â†'2) -α-L-arabinopyranoside. Some other compounds need further identification.