Study On The Chemical Constituents Of Rhodiola Rosea And Nigella Glandulifera

Rhodiola rosea L.belongs to Rhodiola genus in Crassulaceae,which is widely distributed in Sichuan,Yunnan,Tibet and Xinjiang.Its dry roots and rhizomes accounting for the major biological activities of Rhodiola,which have the effects of clearing the lung and relieving cough,promoting blood circulation and hemostasis and effects of treating hemoptysis,coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,respiratory system disease and improving hypoxia tolerance.Flavonoids,phenols and glycosides take major pharmacological activities in Rhodiola.Ten compounds were isolated and identified from 75%ethanol extract of Rhodiola rhizome by various chromatographic methods such as?D-101 macroporous resin column chromatograph,ODS column chromatograph and pHPLC?and spectroscopy methods including(¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,HSQC,HMBC,ROESY),which were tyrosol?RHO-1?,1,1-dimethylallylalcohol-?-glucoside?RHO-2?,salidroside?RHO-3?,herbacetin7-O-?3''-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl?-?-L-rhamnopyranoside?RHO-4?,kaempferol3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-?1-4?-?-L-rhamnopyranoside?RHO-5?,kaempferol-7-O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside?RHO-6?,1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-?-D-glucopyranose?RHO-7?,kaempferol?RHO-8?,rhodiolin?RHO-9?and herbacetin 7-O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside?RHO-10?,respectively.In conclusion,RHO-2 was isolated from the genus for the first time and RHO-5isolated from this plant for the first time,which enriched the natural chemical composition pool of Rhodiola rosea.Nigella glandulifera blongs to one or two year old herb of Nigella genus in Ranunculaceae.The seeds of plant are used as medicine.Alkaloids,flavonoids and saponins take major pharmacological activities in this plant seeds,such as anti-oxidation,anti-tumor,anti-bacterial and anti-aging.In order to investigate the changes of the secondary metabolites of the seeds before and after germination,17 compounds were isolated and identified from the seeds and buds of Nigella glandulifera.The isolated compounds were identified as kaempferol 3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl?1?2?-O-?-D-galactopyranosyl?1?2?-O-?-D-glucopyranoside?NIG-1?,kaempferide-3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-?1?2?-O-[?-L-rhamnopyranosyl-?1?6?]-?-D-glucopyranoside?NIG-2?,3-O-[?-D-apiofurarnosyl-?1-6?-?-D-glucopyranoxy]-6-hydroxy-p-cymene?NIG-3?,7-epi-griffonilide?NIG-5?,griffonilide?NIG-6?,menisidaurilide?Nig-7?,psoralen?NIG-8?,gnetuhainin O?NIG-9?,(?-D-glucopyranosyl-8-azabicyclo?5,2,0?-4,9-epoxynona-5,7-diene?NIG-10?,AI-77B?NIG-11?,nigelflavonoside F?NIG-13?,kaempferol-3-O-?O-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl-?1?2?-O-[?-D-glucopy ranosyl-?1?3?]-?-D-galactopyranoside??NIG-14?,quercetin3-sophorotrioside?NIG-15?,quercetin-3-O-?O-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl-?1?2?-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-?1?3?]-?-D-galactopy rnoside??NIG-16?,quercetin-3-O-?-D-?6-sinapoyl?-glucopyranosyl-?1-2?-?-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside?NIG-17?,2,4-ethyldihydroxyphenylacetate?NIG-18?,quercetin-3-O-?2''-O-?-glucopyranosyl?-?-D-galactopyranoside?NIG-19?,respectively.In conclusion,compounds NIG-2,NIG-3,NIG-5,NIG-6,NIG-7,NIG-8,NIG-9,NIG-10,NIG-11 and NIG-18were isolated from this plant for the first time.Comparing the changes of components before and after germination,it was found that a large number of glycosidic compounds were synthesized during the germination of seeds from Nigella glandulifera.