The Research Of The Missionary Cases Of Zhangjiakou Region In Late Qing Dynasty

The study of lesson plans in modern China is an important part in the study of Chinese modern history. The study of regional lesson plans is one of the effective means which gives a better understanding and grasps all the lesson plans in the country, while it is also an important part in the history of lesson plans. Zhangjiakou district, which is a military site close to the capital, belongs to the important missionary area. Obviously it is necessary to carry on research of lesson plans in late Qing dynasty to get its academic significance.The spread of Christianity has long history in China. In the 4th year of the reign of Yongzheng Dynasty(1724), French Jesuits established the first church in Dioecesis Sivanzeanus. Since then missionary activities have been carried out explicitly or implicitly. After the First Opium War, the “Prohibition against Catholicism” was destroyed by the great powers. In October 1860, the Convention of Peking gave the right of doing missionary work in the mainland China to the foreign missionaries. Then the scale of lesson plans was expanded. So it is Zhangjiakou district. The contradiction between the church, parishioners and the local government and people was intensified and lesson plans were fierce unprecedentedly. The lesson plan in Zhangjiakou district has important performance in Yihetuan Movement, which is called “the biggest lesson plan” in modern Chinese history. On the whole, the lesson plan in this area was closely related to the people of the lower strata which was often damaged in the dispute with church forces. In the meantime, the local government was usually lost in deal with the church forces.In the late Qing dynasty, Zhangjiakou district has less lesson plans when it is compared to other parts of Zhili province, but has its characteristic. The reasons of the lesson plans were different, but every lesson plan involved a variety of power subjects and political powers, such as the ministry in Qing dynasty, the local magistrate, the local gentry, foreign governments, foreign minister, missionaries and so on. They competed in the lesson plans and formed complex situation. This article selects the phase of the lesson plan in Zhangjiakou district, makes every effort to clearly present the whole lesson plan, and classifies them according to the pattern, and then summarizes the characteristics and the influence. It is not only has a relatively detailed and complete understanding for itself, but also contributes to the overall understanding of the lesson plans in Zhili province and the whole country.