Research On The Opium-banning In Sichuan Lifan During The Mid-late Period Of Republic Of China

The opium problem is one of the most serious problems in modern china. And the prohibition of opium became a significant affair during the national government period. Nanjing national government set out to ban the opium when the government began to come to power. Since 1935, the third opium-banning campaign began to be held in china,and it lasted for about 10 years. The third opium-banning was divided into two parts; the first part was “two years of drug-banning, six years of opium banning“from 1935 to 1940; the second part was the aftermath of opium banning from 1935 to 1940,and Lifan county which was in the northwest of Sichuan was in the list of the campaign. During the 10 years of the opium-banning campaign, the government had adopted lots of effective methods to solve the opium problem in Lifan, although the methods had some effect, they didn’t solve the problem completely. In order to ban the opium thoroughly, the national government lasted the banning campaign to the early liberation. This paper aims at summarizing the process and the effect of the opium-banning during 1935 to 1949 in Lifan county, and its purpose is to analysis the reality of the opium plantation, the reason why people there planted opium and the results of the campaign, what’s more, this paper has tried to summarize the experience and lessons from the campaign.Besides the introduction, the whole thesis has five parts. Chapter one introduces the widely cultivation and trafficking of opium, also the long-term risks to the people in Lifan county. The second chapter present the two years of drug-banning, six years of opium banning which was launched by the Nanjing national government. It includes the details of the prohibition policy published by the government, the process of the banning, the anti-opium organizations,the anti-opium staffs and the Funds. The third chapter recommends that the prohibition policy and process from 1941 to 1949. It elaborates the opium policy of Sichuan government at this period. And the details of thepolicy will be stated there. The details of the policy include four aspects: strict scrutiny of the secretly plantation, strict inspection of the opium trafficking, forcing to quit opium and popularizing the knowledge of opium forbidden. The forth chapter is the summary of the whole thesis. At this chapter there will be an assessment of the results about the opium-banning campaign; then summary of the problems which retard the execution of the prohibition policy, and the difficulties will be listed into four: the geography factor of Lifan county, the political factors, the economic factors and the ethnic factors in Lifan county,the ethnic factors are the significant obstacles for the banning; moreover, the reasons why opium cannot be banned in this area need to be discussed. Although the opium banning in Lifan county has made some progress, it didn’t have a success, the banning will continue and the Historical experience is worth pondering. Until the People’s Republic of China established, Chinese government has taken concrete measures to solve the problem under the leadership of Chinese Communist Party. This paper emphasize that opium banning is a complicate matter; it need not only that all the people join in it, but also a unified national, a stable social environment, an honest and efficient government, also honest officials. The government should make a great effort to solve the problem of people’s basic life and economic development, then pay much attention to the education of the people, raises their awareness of that opium is harmful to their life.