Researches On The Characteristics Of Inequity Aversion In Children And The Influential Factors

Inequity aversion is a kind of fair behavior; an individual is inequity averse if it dislikes outcomes that are perceived as inequitable, which means that individuals refuse payoffs that compare others’ more or less. It includes two forms: Disadvantageous inequity aversion, which refers individuals feel aversion to unfair outcomes when they may be obtained more benefit, and Advantageous inequity aversion, which refers individuals feel aversion to unfair outcomes when they may obtained less benefit. In recent years, some researches have found that the developmental tendency of inequity aversion is consistent, which older children show more fair behaviors than the younger; the characteristics of the specific form on inequity aversion are not the same, the children of eight-year-old or older show more advantageous inequity aversion behaviors, but even four-year-old children can appear disadvantageous inequity aversion behavior. However, different people about the specific age or stage on children’ inequity aversion behavior hold different views, and the researches on the factors of two forms inequity aversion are seldom appeared and not inconsistent.So, in order to investigate the characteristics of children’ inequity aversion and its factors, the article designs two related researches. First, taking 169 children from 4 to 8 as subjects, the article used adaption dictator game to investigate children’ inequity aversion、disadvantageous inequity aversion and advantageous inequity aversion respective characteristics, and compare the different characteristics with two forms of inequity aversion. Then, based on the results of the former study, taking 45 children from the optimal age as subjects, this study uses story content and experiment methods to discuss the factors of false beliefs and reputation how to affect children’ inequity aversion.Synthesizing two researches’ results, we get conclusions as follows:(1) on the development of total inequity aversion, the 4-year-old children have shown inequity aversion behavior, but the developmental level of children aged 4 to 5 is not maturity, the developmental level of children aged 6 to 8 exceeds the group of children aged 4 to 5;(2) the two forms of inequity aversion have shown distinct developmental trajectories, the advantageous inequity aversion behavior of children aged 4 to 5 is still developing, children aged 6 to 8 show more advantageous inequity aversion behavior than the children aged 4 to 5, children aged 4 to 8 generally show disadvantageous inequity aversion behavior;(3)the development of advantageous inequity aversion causes the development of total inequity aversion;(4)the group of progression of false beliefs shows more advantageous inequity aversion behavior than the group of fall to false beliefs task;(5) main effect of reputation is not significant...