Homosexuality Writing In The Ming And Qing Fiction

After mid-to-late of Ming Dynasty, with social ideological trend changing excessive austerity to excessive indulgence and male homosexuality and male homosexual culture becoming a trend, the description about homosexuality also became a concentrating phenomenon. This paper made a wide collection about gay books and lesbian books in Ming and Qing Dynasty, analyzed the homosexuality phenomenon from “separation of emotion and desire” and “unification of emotion and desire”, made a deep analysis about the ideological trend that this special culture had aroused, aesthetic tendency, and psychological disposition, revealing the social position and living conditions. The narrative interpretation of homosexual books analyzed literal style and special marriage that gender inversion has caused, grasped the essence of history, cultural background of homosexuality from different angles, and demonstrated profound cultural deposit of homosexuality.This paper includes four chapters:The first chapter: the literature expression of male homosexuality in fictions of Ming and Qing Dynasty. It made a definition on the “homosexual people”, “homosexual behaviors” and gay, and analyzed the root of male homosexuality and emotion and desire of male homosexuality in literature.The second chapter: the literature reproduction of female homosexuality in fictions of Ming and Qing Dynasty. It mainly discussed lesbians, its reasons for the appearance of lesbians and its character types.The third chapter: the literary expression of homosexuality. Firstly, it introduced the whole social morality in Ming and Qing Dynasty, comprehensively summarized male type in gay books in that period, and setting A Dream In Red Mansions and The Golden Lotus as examples, made a comparison between homosexual depictions in Ming and Qing Dynasty from description methods and figure building and psychological disposition, and analyzed narrative features of homosexual novels.The fourth chapter: reveal the cultural deposit of homosexual novels. Firstly, it demonstrated women losing their voices, no self-consciousness and many other conditions under the feudal patriarchal society through lesbians in literature. Secondly, it demonstrated special psychological identity and unique aesthetic taste of literators’ creation through special gay culture in Ming and Qing Dynasty. Lastly, it analyzed gender inversion influenced by homosexual cross dresser, demonstrating special “man marry man” and “female love female” marriage view in Ming and Qing Dynasty.