A Research On The Military Conflictions Between Parthia And Rome From 53 B. C. To 36 B. C.

Since the foundation of Parthian Empire during which Sulla had conquered Minor Asia and then Lucullus launched an expedition to the east and in subsequence Pompey was in charge of the west Asia, the relation of Parthian to Roma was generally kept in peace. But up to the middle of the first century, Roma had won over Seleucid, Armenia, Pontus and finally annexed Syria. Taking advantage of this occasion, Parthian rose so rapidly and established hegemony on the Persian plateau that were able to contend with Roma. Meanwhile Roma was in the transitional period called the First Triumvirate period when the public regime of Roma was in deterioration and was progressing to monarchy. Crassus, one of the First Triumvirate, inspired by his selfish, launched an expedition to Parthian without the authorization of the senate.In BCE 53, the Parthian general Surana defeated the Roman army in the battle of Carrhae. To consolidate this success, Parthian invaded Syria but failed. Then the civic war had erupted in Roma during which Pompey contended against Caesar who had won the support of Parthian. Sarcastically, Parthian did not gain any profit from the success of Caesar and Caesar in turn prepared to invade Parthian after pacifying the civic situation but was assassinated.Urged by Quintus Labienus who was taking refuge in Parthian, Prince Pacorus and Labienus invaded Parthian again but were killed by the Roman general Ventidius which led to the assassination of the king by his son. In the year of BCE36, Antonius, one of the Second Triumvirate, marched to Parthian but did not gain any success which put an end to the military conflict between Roma and Parthian among this period which had an important and profound impact on the aspects of politic, military, diplomacy of both sides and even the economical and cultural communication between the east and the west.