The Contrastive Analysis Of Reference Between Chinese And English Version Of Fortress Besieged

With the development of contrastive linguistics, the contrastivelinguistics, as part of macro contrastive linguistics, has been growing intoone of the heated topics in the research. Just as sentence is the unit in thevocabulary and grammar structure, and syllable the unit in phonologicalstructure, discourse is also the basic unit in semantic structure. It is a unitin situation and semantic structure, and also the continuum of contextmeaning builded on the center of semantic relation in cohesion.Meanwhile, cohesive way make this continuum coherent. Cohesion, partof discourse organization component in the language system, is onemeans of connecting two or more irrelative components in structure bymaking the meaning of one component dependent on the others. Theresources with cohesive potential is one part of the whole cohesivepotential in the language, which has the character of catalytic in thediscourse. That is to say, if without cohesion, the rest in semantic systemhas no obvious effect of connection. In the book Cohesion in English byM. A. K. Halliday and R. Hasan, cohesion is divided into five kinds:reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and lexical cohesion, ofwhich the former fourth belong to the grammatical cohesion. Referenceinclude four types: personal reference, demonstrative reference andcomparative reference. On the basis of the cohesive theory by M. A. K. Halliday and R.Hasan, this paper select Qian Zhongshu’s Wei Cheng and thecorresponding English translation Fortress Besieged by Jeanne Kelly andNathan K. Mao as the research materials, aims to show the differencebetween Chinese and English in terms of the reference with the method ofcontrast and analysis, and the combination of qualitative research andquantitative analysis, and description and explanation.This research is composed of sis chapters: the first chapter is preface. Itmainly introduces the selection of research materials, reasons of selectingthis topic, research purpose, method, procedure and the research meaning.The second chapter is related to the research situation at home and abroad,including the research on the theory itself, and the application of thistheory. The third chapter illustrates the theory structure and relateddefinition, introducing the grammatical cohesive theory in Cohesion inEnglish and some related ideas. The fourth chapter is the quantitiveanalysis of reference in Chinese and English version, which points out theusing frequency and general distribution characteristics in the twodifferent versions. The fifth chapter is qualitative analysis of reference,which theoretically, analyses the reasons behind the above difference. Thesixth chapter is conclusion, which illustrates the shortcoming of this paper,and points out the future research direction.