The Study On Development Of Chinese Comparisons Of Equality Patterns And Metaphysical Forms From The Middle Of The Eighteenth Century To The Middle Of The Twentieth Century

The period from the middle of the18th century to the20th century, we could call it the key times during which the modern Chinese began to transit into thecontemporary Chinese, Owing to the political revolution and economic reluctance. Hence, we will find the Chinese language in that time attained some characters via language contact and language fusion, so thatthe southern Chinese and the northern Chinese differed distinctly. Because of that, many researchers had paid lots of attention on the modern Chinese of this period, especially on the disposal structure, passivesentence, and alternative interrogative sentence. On the contrary, we still lack of the study of equality patterns and metaphysical forms.This article selects equality patterns and metaphysical forms from some novels written during the18th century to the20th century. And then we will show the development of their structures and characters in the way of quantitative analysis and qualitative description. At last, we are meant to analyze and explain the differences of the two of structures.The first chapter is the summary of theprevious language research about equality patterns and metaphysical forms, In addition, there is brief introduction of the significance of this subject, theresearch method and the main innovative points.The second chapter is the study of the equality patterns in this period. Firstly, we describe the situation of equality patterns in the southern language materials according to the division of previous single mark, posterior single mark and discontinuous construction with two marks. And then describe the situation of the northern language materials. It is showed that the number of discontinuous construction is far more than the single ones in both of the language materials, accounting for over95%. In the aspect of comparative subject and comparative object, the semantic of them is rather confined, meaning the contraction between different people or between different time and places. On the whole, the maturity of the northern ones is better than the southern ones.The third chapter is the study of the equality patterns in this period. Likewise, we describe the situation of metaphysical forms in both of the southern and northern materials at first. It is obvious that the marks had changed a lot during the two hundred years, the single marks "xiang (hao xiang)" and "shi de" were beefing up, and"yi yang" seemed to be less used than "yi ban". As to the tenor and vehicle, though plenty of ellipsis, it is easy to understand the implicit meaning of the sentences. Andthe syntactic functions of metaphysical forms are various, such as the predicate, attribute, adverbial modifier, and complement in the"de"rhyme-complement construction.The forth chapter is the conclusion of the general features of equality patterns and metaphysical forms, the differences of the frequency and distribution of marks, comparative subjects, comparative objects and comparative results. At the same time, we try to approach the resources and development of some marks, such as "yi ban","shi de"and"bi" as well.