The Study Of Phonetic Features Of Chinese "Shang Sheng" Words For Chinese Teaching To Foreigners

Chinese which is a typical tone language, belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language. The study of "Shang sheng" is always the main topic of modern Chinese language study and analyzed by many scholars. Because of the difficulty in "Shang sheng’" study, which brings many problems to the foreign students during their study. So on the basis studies of predecessors, this paper choose the phonetic features of monosyllable, disyllable and tri-syllables’words of "Shang sheng" as the research objects by experiment considerations, then research and analyze some resolved questions about the phonetic features of "Shang sheng" between the Chinese Native Speakers and Chinese Language Learners, which is trying to provide the theory basis for the teaching as second language.Through the pronunciation experiments’display, we can learn that there is gentle lift because of the incorrect mouth opening during pronunciation in pitch string by the Chinese Native Speakers."Shang sheng" words’always read according to the basic rules of "When there are two third-tones read together, the first one become Yang ping". When the natives speak the disyllable words, the accuracy of pronunciation of the first "Shang sheng" is more lower than the last "Shang sheng", which is always keep the original tone of [214], or read as "Qu sheng" [51].Meanwhile, the native speakers are not only under the influence of the existing rules, but also the original and metaphorical meanings of words. When the "Single and double format" of three syllable words express as a separate words, the accent is on the left syllable as the first one, express the metaphorical meaning, the first one is become "Yang ping", while the words express as the phrase, the accent of words is on the second, and the rules is change to "Yang ping".There are defects of the foreign learners from Ukraine when they read the monosyllable words, the data and images of experiments shows that the curve is down and gently up presented by the line chart, there is a long sound in the end, and the speaker’s incorrect pronunciation is the main reason. When the speakers read the disyliable words, the pronunciation always according the tone pitch as "214+214" and the first "Shang sheng" is the harder to read. While the last "Shang sheng" is keep the tone value [214] although there is some slight different from the original tone value. When the three "Shang sheng" speak together, the speakers always read as "214+214+214", there is no discussion of tone sandhi because the learners don’t understand the internal structure of language and its grammatical relation.Based on the analysis of the pronunciation experiment of Chinese language learners from Ukraine, the paper has the Mark tone experiment to analyze the Mandarin tone’study, especially the third tone. With the data and pictures, we can find that the "Yin ping"、"Qu sheng" is easy to learn and use, then is the "Yang ping", the last one is "Shang sheng". The di-syllable and three-syllable words are difficult to learn for the foreigners, it’s harder to speak than the one-syllable words, and the hardest part is on the first words. The foreigners always according to the "Shang sheng"’s original tone value [214] to mark the tones of three-syllable words, and it’s difficult to distinguish "Shang sheng" between "Yang ping" and "Qu sheng".Then the paper discusses the problems in teaching Chinese as a second language tone. Searching for the method of writing design of "Shang sheng" in "Textbook Chinese" and put forward opinions about "Shan sheng"’s teaching. According to the frequent problems in teaching and learning, this paper still put forward the teaching strategies and learning strategies.