| In 1922, after the Manchurian warlord was defeat in the first Zhi-Feng war, Chang Tso-lin appointed Wang Yongjiang as the Acting Governor, who handled all Administrative Services of Mukden Province. To achieve the autonomy of the Northeast, and change the state of "each village only manage itself and doesn’t contact the others, just like loose sand ", and strengthen the control of rural society, Wang Yongjiang, after taking office, began to carry out the District and Village System.The District and Village System was a political system, where the government set up several districts and villages as the administrative units below the county, and appointed the head of a district and a village, who was in charge of the administrative affairs. The first measure of the execution of The District and Village System was to divide districts and villages; the next step was to appoint the officials of districts and villages according to the qualifications made by Mukden government. At the same time, Mukden government set up fixed workplace and office staff in every district and every village. In the process of putting the system into practice, Mukden government adopted a rigorous selecting and examining method for the administrative officers of districts and villages in order to ensure orderly and effective management of the rural area. Although Mukden government made a lot of efforts to design and execute the District and Village System, the system didn’t achieve the expected good results of its designer in the six years of its execution. On the contrary, it exposed many drawbacks, and people also had many complaints for it. Therefore, in the autumn of 1928, Mukden government abolished the system.Although the District and Village System hadn’t been executed for a long time, and emerged a lot of drawbacks, it also had its own characteristics of the times. Meanwhile it also had obvious achievements and some historical limitations. |
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