Research On The Military Reformation Of The New Policy In Shandong Province During Late Qing Dynasty

After the Boxer Morement,the Qing government was caught in a difficult situation in home and abroad.In order to protect and achieve the purpose of enhancing power, the Qing government decided to carry out reforms in politics,economic,military and so on,which was named " the New Policy ". At that time, Shandong is one of the provinces that implemented the reformation with the efforts of the provincial governors especially in the military. The paper focuses on the military reformation of "the New Policy" in Shandong Province during Late Qing Dynasty. Through the research on the military reformation, this paper analyses problems and discusses development about modern history so as to sum up experiences and lessons, which can give directions on military modernization in nowadays.The paper can be divided into three parts, including Introduction part, the text and the Conclusion. The Introduction part introduces the reason for the writing, the thought and reviews about the academic history as well as the important and difficult section about the research, and points out the characteristics and shortcomings of this article. The text includes the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth chapter. The first chapter introduces the background of military reformation, showing the current situation, which indicates reformation must be carried out. The second, the third,the fourth and the fifth chapter are the most important part, which state reshaping of old armies of Qing dynasty, founding and enlarging of new armies, setting up military schools and training military personnel, and developing logistics system and improving arsenal. The sixth chapter points out the progress and problems of the military reformation. On the one hand, the reformation has its positive and progressive significance, promoting the development of Shandong province. On the other hand, there are some issues which inevitably lay restraints on the reformation. The third part is Conclusion about the military reformation. The implement of military reformation of "the New Policy" is more radical and more complete in Shandong Province during Late Qing Dynasty that is historical and significant at that time. However, the reformation is not fulfilled completely. The fundamental cause is that the reformation is guided by the theory of Chinese style westernization in order to reinforce the government of Qing dynasty. On the basis of the feudal system, the reformation goes through a lot of difficulty which leads to failure of the complete and effective development. The military reformation has been more than 100 years, but deeper and profound reflection should be thought.