A Study Of The Ancient Rhymes In The Xing Sheng Lei Pian(《形声类篇》)

Xing sheng lei pian is a phonology monograph that written by the Qing dynasty scholar Ding-Lvheng.It mainly contains three parts:the ancient rhyming category, the theory of Tongheyun^通合韵),the theory of partial tone. This paper organizes and summarizes this three parts’ contents, sorts out the Shengfu(声符),the characters of Tongheyun and some partial tone characters. Then comparing with the Duan-ucai Liu shu yin yun biao{段玉裁《六书音均表》), Huang-Dekuan Gu wen zi pu xi shu zheng(黄德宽《古文字谱系疏证》),He-Jiuying Gu yun tong xiao{(何九盈《古韵通晓》),Wang-Li the rhyme thirty(王力古韵三十部),Wang-Li Shi jing yun du chu ci yun du(王力《诗经韵读·楚辞韵读》)etc. Through the Literature research method and the Diachronic comparison method, we study the Xing sheng lei pian systematically.The main conclusions are:Part one, the ancient rhyming categoryBy comparison with Duan-yucai and Wang-li, we know that:1.It is proper that Ding separated dong((东)and dong(冬),but he did not separate them completely. It is very insightful that he separated ji(祭),but he still took ji as Yinsheng(阴声).Ding did not make the Rushing(入声)being independent.2.About the classification of Shengfu, Ding is better than Duan, he is closed to Wang. But, Ding did not arrange the classification of Shengfu in good order.Part two, the theory of TongheyunLi-juanjuan had reconstructed the value of Ding’s rhyming category. In this paper, we quote Li’s value. We organizes and summarizes Ding’s Tongheyun characters of Shijingi诗经),then compared with Duan and Wang.1. It is very insightful that Ding invented the four Tongheyun methods. These four methods not only pay attention to the effect of main vowel, but also pay attention to the influence of tail vowel. It is a great contribution to Ancient phonology.2.The main vowel and tail vowel of Ding’s Tongheyun characters fit neatly. Compared them with Duan’s and Wang’s, we foud a lot of difference. And there are three main reason of the difference: ① The phonological system is different.② The characters were changed during the the spreading process.③The radical of partial tone characters have a contradiction with Shying1’s rhyme.Part three, the theory of partial toneWe analysis Ding’s seven partial tone points, the main conclusions are:1.Ding considered that not all the same phonological-symbol belongs to the same rhyme category,and he listed examples to prove it.His concept is correct,but he considered some pictophmetic characters as pictographic characters or associative compound characters.2.Ding correctly classified polyphone characters, corrected contemporaries’ mistakes.At the same time,he also add some ancient characters to Shengfu.