| The purpose of this paper is to explore the Naxi folk beliefs and the ghost worship of Dongba religion are coexisting in the Naxi funeral. As a member of the naxi nationality, I intend to explain my strangeness about Dongba religion, and at the same time try to make a footnote for inheritance of the Naxi traditional culture research. For those reasons, I have been doing fieldwork for one and a half years in Lijiang. Lived in the Dongba Culture Heritage School and learned Dongba culture with Dongba teachers. Allso, followed the Dongba teacher to participate in the funeral ceremonies which hosted in villages. Deep feeled and experienced the concept of soul in the Dongba religion and folk belief. Try to find the similarities and differences between them and how they both interaction in the ceremonies by being their assistant.Based on the field observation, the paper detailed introduces the process of the funeral, to illustrate that turn the bad souls, pay attention to the specification of ceremony and steps in funeral is the Dongba’s main work. On the contrary, the priest Abo is to consolidate and maintain the relationship between family members, which relying on managing the ghost carding relationships to represent the members of the family pedigree chart. That is means that Dongba and priests using different consciousness system to complete the funeral. And in the process, the door son-in-law who has the "double" cultural identity become the bridge to solve their argument, compromise and mutual. Thus, it can be seen that "marginal people" has "lubrication" effect in conflict society.Through the analysis, it is concluded that in the funeral of naxi nationality, there are two different belief system. They become a part of the faith between Naxi people and complement each other. In other words, in the belief system of the naxi people, the soul worship and theology system are existing at the same time, the state is the people not to clearly distinguish the ghost and the deity, folk and official. They do care about ceremony "like or not," rather than "is that the matter". At the same time, the paper also reveals that the circumstances of rapid development of economy and culture in lijiang area, people in the pursuit of spiritual culture which called cultural capital has become a useful tool to prove the family strength in the ceremony.As a conclusion, the article hopes talk with the cultural meaning and social structure is both independent and interdependent between Javanese funeral ceremonies which describled by Geertz in’The Interpretation of Cultures’. Combined with analysis of the naxi nationality funeral ceremony, points out that cultural meaning and social structure in a stable social environment also can lead to conflict and contradiction. Even, due to the different cultural meanings, stable social structure will also appear tension and conflict. But this kind of tension and conflict is easy to coordinated by "marginal people", while the size of the coordination depend on the stability degree of the social environment.To sum up, this article hopes to detailed description and analysis the funeral ceremony of Naxi nationality, points out the existed mode and rationality of Naxi folk beliefs and theological system. According to this,1 try to reconsider the relationship between the cultural meaning and social structure. |
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