Child Social Exclusion Affect Pro-social Behavior: Moderate Effect Of Esteem

Six Grade primary children from two primary school in Liaoning Province participated this study. It is on purpose to explore effect of children social exclusion on pro-social behavior and moderate effect of esteem. The experiment was submitted to a 3(degree of exclusion: certain exclusion, uncertain exclusion, and acceptance) × 2(gender: male, female) between subject experiment design. The dependent factor was pro-social behavior.The second experiment aimed to further examine moderate effect of esteem on impact of children social exclusion on pro-social behavior. The experiment was submitted to 3(degree of exclusion: certain exclusion, uncertain exclusion and acceptance) ×2(trait esteem: high and low). The dependent factor was pro-social behavior. The statistical results indicated main effect of degree of social exclusion. The further planned comparison found certain exclusion group acted less pro-social behavior than uncertain exclusion group, verifying the validity of experiment 1 paradigm of social exclusion. Main effect of esteem was not significant, but high esteem group was higher in pro-social behavior than low esteem group. There was a significant interaction between social exclusion and esteem. Namely, esteem moderated in relationship between social exclusion and pro-social behavior. The experiment outcome underscored the hypothesis.Further simple effect analysis showed that in high esteem group, different social exclusion children behaved distinctively in pro-social behavior. In low esteem group,different social exclusion impacted pro-social behavior significantly among groups. And planned comparison found remarkable difference. This demonstrated that with varying in children esteem, effect of social exclusion on children pro-social behavior declines accordingly.The third experiment investigated increasing in esteem moderated effect of children social exclusion on pro-social behavior. The experiment was submitted to a 3(degree of exclusion: certain exclusion, uncertain exclusion and acceptance) ×2(esteem group: control and increasing group) between subject ANOVA. Co-variables were positive and negative emotion. We found main effect of social exclusion and main effect of esteem group. In certain exclusion situations, increasing esteem group outperformed more pro-social behavior than esteem group and the distinct was identical with situations of uncertain exclusion and acceptance. This illustrated that esteem promoted pro-social behavior in children social exclusion, and had a moderate effect which confirmed hypothesis.