In The Yangtze River, Downstream Early Farming Tools And The Contrast Research In Northern China

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region is one of the birthplace of Chinese civilization and it is also the origin place of the rice farming in the world. Rice planting was the economic foundation for the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river region to create a rich culture in prehistoric. In prehistoric archaeological excavations, historians found a lot of agriculture elements in this area, among them agricultural production tools are the most common and important factor. Tools were the important index of a period of agricultural development, based on the research of the tools we can know the evolution of the prehistoric agricultural development process.The development of the tools and the agriculture probably can be divided into four stages:The first stage, more than 10000 years ago,human beings stepped to the Neolithic from the Paleolithic, the agriculture was in a bud stage. Production tools were mainly continue to use the chipped stone tools in the Paleolithic 、bone、horn and tooth. Tools in this stage had a great deal of primitivism,there was no special agricultural production tools here. The second stage, About 10000-8000 years ago,the artificial cultivation crops were ripe in this period. Fishing and hunting gathering economy still accounts for a large percentage in the social life. Human beings stepped into a period of hunting and farming culture. Special agricultural production tools began to emerge during this period,the number of Grinding stone was increased. The third stage,about 8000-6000 years ago,Human gradually into a period of farming culture,The ratio of agricultural production in the social life was bigger and bigger. The fishing and hunting gathering economy became a supplement.During this period,agricultural soil scarification,flat land, harvest,food processing and other links had the corresponding production tools.Agricultural production efficiency was greatly increased. The last stage, About 6000 years to the late Neolithic age,During this period the agricultural production became the main survival way of human beings,Agricultural production tools became basically stable. Until the appearance of metal, production tools without big change.The typical production tools such as bone si of hemudu culture.he bone plough of liangzhu culture.groundbreaking device.Shi Mopan and so on. To a large extent, the analysis of its usage and use had affected the judgment for a period of agricultural development level.Through the comprehensive analysis of scientific knowledge of the micro mark mechanics、surface of starch grains,we can understand its role in the production, and its effect on agricultural development. That view that the “ShiLi”in songze culture and liangzhu culture period is Li was not negative.The agricultural production in north and south also had big differences,such as the type and the use、production materials of tools. In addition to the different farming way, the main reasons also including the natural environment, resources of making farm tools, eating habits.